Power headroom report for multiple uplink carriers

ABSTRACT

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for power headroom reporting for multiple uplink carriers. One apparatus includes a transceiver that receives a configuration of a plurality of uplink carriers for a serving cell. The first apparatus includes a processor that calculates a power headroom (“PH”) for each uplink carrier of the plurality of uplink carriers on the serving cell. The processor transmits (via the transceiver) a Power Headroom Report (“PHR”) based on the calculated PH for the plurality of uplink carriers of the serving cell.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 62/653,482 entitled “POWER CONTROL WITH BANDWIDTH PART ANDSUPPLEMENTARY UPLINK OPERATION” and filed on Apr. 5, 2018 for EbrahimMolavianJazi, Joachim Loehr, Hyejung Jung, Vijay Nangia, and PrateekBasu Mallick, which is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

The subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to wirelesscommunications and more particularly relates to power control for a UE,especially when configured with multiple bandwidth parts and/orsupplementary uplink carrier.

BACKGROUND

The following abbreviations are herewith defined, at least some of whichare referred to within the following description: Third GenerationPartnership Project (“3GPP”), Positive-Acknowledgment (“ACK”), BandwidthPart (“BWP”), Binary Phase Shift Keying (“BPSK”), Clear ChannelAssessment (“CCA”), Cyclic Prefix (“CP”), Cyclical Redundancy Check(“CRC”), Channel State Information (“CSI”), Common Search Space (“CSS”),Discrete Fourier Transform Spread (“DFTS”), Downlink Control Information(“DCI”), Downlink (“DL”), Downlink Pilot Time Slot (“DwPTS”), EnhancedClear Channel Assessment (“eCCA”), Enhanced Licensed Assisted Access(“eLAA”), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (“eMBB”), Evolved Node B (“eNB”),European Telecommunications Standards Institute (“ETSI”), Frame BasedEquipment (“FBE”), Frequency Division Duplex (“FDD”), Frequency DivisionMultiple Access (“FDMA”), Frequency Division Orthogonal Cover Code(“FD-OCC”), Guard Period (“GP”), Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request(“HARQ”), Internet-of-Things (“IoT”), Licensed Assisted Access (“LAA”),Load Based Equipment (“LBE”), Listen-Before-Talk (“LBT”), Long TermEvolution (“LTE”), Multiple Access (“MA”), Modulation Coding Scheme(“MCS”), Machine Type Communication (“MTC”), Multiple Input MultipleOutput (“MIMO”), Multi User Shared Access (“MUSA”), Narrowband (“NB”),Negative-Acknowledgment (“NACK”) or (“NAK”), Next Generation Node B(“gNB”), Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (“NOMA”), Non-SupplementaryUplink (“NUL”, e.g., a “normal” uplink carrier), Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing (“OFDM”), Primary Cell (“PCell”), PrimarySecondary Cell (“PSCell”), Physical Broadcast Channel (“PBCH”), PhysicalDownlink Control Channel (“PDCCH”), Physical Downlink Shared Channel(“PDSCH”), Pattern Division Multiple Access (“PDMA”), Physical HybridARQ Indicator Channel (“PHICH”), Physical Random Access Channel(“PRACH”), Physical Resource Block (“PRB”), Physical Uplink ControlChannel (“PUCCH”), Physical Uplink Shared Channel (“PUSCH”), Quality ofService (“QoS”), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (“QPSK”), Radio ResourceControl (“RRC”), Random Access Procedure (“RACH”), Random AccessResponse (“RAR”), Radio Network Temporary Identifier (“RNTI”), ReferenceSignal (“RS”), Remaining Minimum System Information (“RMSI”), ResourceSpread Multiple Access (“RSMA”), Round Trip Time (“RTT”), Receive(“RX”), Sparse Code Multiple Access (“SCMA”), Scheduling Request (“SR”),Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (“SC-FDMA”), SecondaryCell (“SCell”), Shared Channel (“SCH”),Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio (“SINR”), Supplementary Uplink(“SUL”), System Information Block (“SIB”), Synchronization Signal(“SS”), Transport Block (“TB”), Transport Block Size (“TBS”),Time-Division Duplex (“TDD”), Time Division Multiplex (“TDM”), TimeDivision Orthogonal Cover Code (“TD-OCC”), Transmission Time Interval(“TTI”), Transmit (“TX”), Uplink Control Information (“UCI”), UserEntity/Equipment (Mobile Terminal) (“UE”), Uplink (“UL”), UniversalMobile Telecommunications System (“UMTS”), Uplink Pilot Time Slot(“UpPTS”), Ultra-reliability and Low-latency Communications (“URLLC”),and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (“WiMAX”). As usedherein, “HARQ-ACK” may represent collectively the Positive Acknowledge(“ACK”) and the Negative Acknowledge (“NACK”). ACK means that a TB iscorrectly received while NACK (or NAK) means a TB is erroneouslyreceived.

In certain wireless communications networks, such as 5G NR, a UE isexpected to be configured with one or multiple downlink bandwidth parts(“DL BWP”). In addition, in 5G NR it is possible to supplement anadditional frequency band to an NR serving cell, referred to assupplementary uplink (“SUL”). However, conventional power control (“PC”)and power headroom report (“PHR”) are suboptimal for and/or incompatiblewith BWP and SUL operations.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Methods are disclosed for UE power control for multiple UL carriers.Apparatuses and systems also perform the functions of the methods. Themethods may also be embodied in one or more computer program productscomprising executable code.

A first method for UE power control for multiple UL carriers includesreceiving a configuration of a plurality of uplink carriers for aserving cell and calculating a total transmit power for uplinktransmissions on the plurality of uplink carriers, the uplinktransmissions overlapping in time. The first method includes determininga configured maximum output power and identifying a lower priorityuplink carrier of the plurality of uplink carriers according to apriority rule in response to the uplink transmissions having the samepriority level. The first method includes reducing transmission powerfor the lower priority uplink carrier in response to the total transmitpower exceeding the configured maximum output power in any part of theoverlapping uplink transmissions and performing uplink transmissionusing the reduced transmission power.

A second method for UE power control for multiple UL carriers includesreceiving a configuration of a plurality of uplink carriers for aserving cell and calculating a PH for each uplink carrier of theplurality of uplink carriers on the serving cell. The second methodincludes transmitting a PHR based on the calculated PH for the pluralityof uplink carriers of the serving cell.

A third method for UE power control for multiple UL carriers includesperforming a random-access procedure, wherein performing therandom-access procedure includes transmitting a PUSCH Msg3. The thirdmethod includes determining whether the UE is in RRC_CONNECTED state andidentifying a number of configured CL-PC process for an UL channel orsignal. The third method includes calculating the transmit power for thePUSCH Msg3 using a CL-PC process with index zero in response to the UEbeing in RRC_CONNECTED state and the number of configured CL-PCprocesses for the UL channel or signal being more than one.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more particular description of the embodiments briefly described abovewill be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that areillustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawingsdepict only some embodiments and are not therefore to be considered tobe limiting of scope, the embodiments will be described and explainedwith additional specificity and detail through the use of theaccompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of awireless communication system for UE power control for multiple ULcarriers;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of power controlfor a UE configured with multiple uplink bandwidth parts;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of power controlprocess management upon switching active uplink bandwidth parts;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of powercontrol for a UE configured with multiple uplink carriers;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of power headroomreporting for a UE configured with multiple uplink bandwidth parts;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of power headroomreporting for a UE configured with multiple uplink carriers;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a user equipment apparatus forpower control BWP when configured with multiple bandwidth parts and/orsupplementary uplink carrier;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart diagram illustrating one method of UE powercontrol for multiple UL carriers;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart diagram illustrating another method of UE powercontrol for multiple UL carriers; and

FIG. 10 is a flow chart diagram illustrating yet another method of UEpower control for multiple UL carriers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of theembodiments may be embodied as a system, apparatus, method, or programproduct. Accordingly, embodiments may take the form of an entirelyhardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (includingfirmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodimentcombining software and hardware aspects that may all generally bereferred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore,embodiments may take the form of a program product embodied in one ormore computer readable storage devices storing machine readable code,computer readable code, and/or program code, referred hereafter as code.The storage devices may be tangible, non-transitory, and/ornon-transmission. The storage devices may not embody signals. In acertain embodiment, the storage devices only employ signals foraccessing code.

Any combination of one or more computer readable medium may be utilized.The computer readable medium may be a computer readable storage medium.The computer readable storage medium may be a storage device storing thecode. The storage device may be, for example, but not limited to, anelectronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, holographic,micromechanical, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or anysuitable combination of the foregoing.

More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the storage devicewould include the following: an electrical connection having one or morewires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random-access memory(“RAM”), a read-only memory (“ROM”), an erasable programmable read-onlymemory (“EPROM” or Flash memory), a portable compact disc read-onlymemory (“CD-ROM”), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device,or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of thisdocument, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible mediumthat can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with aninstruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

Code for carrying out operations for embodiments may be any number oflines and may be written in any combination of one or more programminglanguages including an object-oriented programming language such asPython, Ruby, Java, Smalltalk, C++, or the like, and conventionalprocedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language,or the like, and/or machine languages such as assembly languages. Thecode may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user'scomputer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user'scomputer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remotecomputer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may beconnected to the user's computer through any type of network, includinga local area network (“LAN”) or a wide area network (“WAN”), or theconnection may be made to an external computer (for example, through theInternet using an Internet Service Provider).

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” “anembodiment,” or similar language means that a particular feature,structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodimentis included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases“in one embodiment,” “in an embodiment,” and similar language throughoutthis specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the sameembodiment, but mean “one or more but not all embodiments” unlessexpressly specified otherwise. The terms “including,” “comprising,”“having,” and variations thereof mean “including but not limited to,”unless expressly specified otherwise. An enumerated listing of itemsdoes not imply that any or all of the items are mutually exclusive,unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms “a,” “an,” and “the”also refer to “one or more” unless expressly specified otherwise.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics ofthe embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner. In the followingdescription, numerous specific details are provided, such as examples ofprogramming, software modules, user selections, network transactions,database queries, database structures, hardware modules, hardwarecircuits, hardware chips, etc., to provide a thorough understanding ofembodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however,that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specificdetails, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. Inother instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are notshown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of anembodiment.

Aspects of the embodiments are described below with reference toschematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams of methods,apparatuses, systems, and program products according to embodiments. Itwill be understood that each block of the schematic flowchart diagramsand/or schematic block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theschematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams, can beimplemented by code. The code may be provided to a processor of ageneral-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such thatthe instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer orother programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the schematic flowchartdiagrams and/or schematic block diagrams block or blocks.

The code may also be stored in a storage device that can direct acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devicesto function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored inthe storage device produce an article of manufacture includinginstructions which implement the function/act specified in the schematicflowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams block or blocks.

The code may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable dataprocessing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operationalsteps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus, orother devices to produce a computer implemented process such that thecode which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatusprovide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in theflowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The schematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams in theFigures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation ofpossible implementations of apparatuses, systems, methods, and programproducts according to various embodiments. In this regard, each block inthe schematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams mayrepresent a module, segment, or portion of code, which includes one ormore executable instructions of the code for implementing the specifiedlogical function(s).

It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, thefunctions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in theFigures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, beexecuted substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes beexecuted in the reverse order, depending upon the functionalityinvolved. Other steps and methods may be conceived that are equivalentin function, logic, or effect to one or more blocks, or portionsthereof, of the illustrated Figures.

Although various arrow types and line types may be employed in theflowchart and/or block diagrams, they are understood not to limit thescope of the corresponding embodiments. Indeed, some arrows or otherconnectors may be used to indicate only the logical flow of the depictedembodiment. For instance, an arrow may indicate a waiting or monitoringperiod of unspecified duration between enumerated steps of the depictedembodiment. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagramsand/or flowchart diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the blockdiagrams and/or flowchart diagrams, can be implemented by specialpurpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions oracts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and code.

The description of elements in each figure may refer to elements ofproceeding figures. Like numbers refer to like elements in all figures,including alternate embodiments of like elements.

Generally, the present disclosure describes systems, methods, andapparatus for PC and PHR related configuration and operation methods forBWP and SUL operation, including: Configuration of power controlparameters for BWP operation; Resetting closed-loop power control whenswitching the active BWP(s); Priority rule for power allocation acrossuplink carriers (including supplementary uplink (“SUL”) carriers andnormal (non-supplementary) uplink (“NUL”) carriers) and uplink BWPs; PHRformat and PHR triggering conditions when operating with BWP(s);Configuration of default settings for virtual PHR when operating withBWPs and/or SUL.

The various embodiments described herein applies generally to ULtransmissions. UL transmissions can include PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS, and/orPRACH transmissions. In the various embodiments, an antenna port isdefined such that the channel over which a symbol on the antenna port isconveyed can be inferred from the channel over which another symbol onthe same antenna port is conveyed. One or more antenna ports are usedfor UL transmissions.

An “antenna port” according to an embodiment may be a logical port thatmay correspond to a beam (resulting from beamforming) or may correspondto a physical antenna on a device. In some embodiments, a physicalantenna may map directly to a single antenna port, in which an antennaport corresponds to an actual physical antenna. Alternately, a set orsubset of physical antennas, or antenna set or antenna array or antennasub-array, may be mapped to one or more antenna ports after applyingcomplex weights, a cyclic delay, or both to the signal on each physicalantenna. The physical antenna set may have antennas from a single moduleor panel or from multiple modules or panels. The weights may be fixed asin an antenna virtualization scheme, such as cyclic delay diversity(“CDD”). The procedure used to derive antenna ports from physicalantennas may be specific to a device implementation and transparent toother devices.

Two antenna ports are said to be Quasi Co-Located (“QCL”) if thelarge-scale properties of the channel over which a symbol on one antennaport is conveyed can be inferred from the channel over which a symbol onthe other antenna port is conveyed. The large-scale properties includeone or more of delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, averagegain, average delay, and spatial Rx parameters. Two antenna ports may bequasi-located with respect to a subset of the large-scale properties.Spatial Rx parameters may include one or more of: angle of arrival(“AoA”), Dominant AoA, average AoA, angular spread, Power AngularSpectrum (“PAS”) of AoA, average angle of departure (“AoD”), PAS of AoD,transmit/receive channel correlation, transmit/receive beamforming,spatial channel correlation etc.

Carrier aggregation (“CA”) allows joint transmission/reception operationin a collection of serving cells or component carriers (“CCs”), whichare collectively called a cell group (“CG”). In legacy 4G LTE networkdeployments, each downlink (“DL”) or uplink (“UL”) CC includes only asingle contiguous transmission bandwidth within which a UE can bescheduled for reception/transmission.

In 5G New Radio (“NR”) deployments, transmission and reception mayinclude both centimeter- and millimeter-wave bands and higher frequencybands, e.g., from 6 GHz up to 70 GHz. These frequency band are expectedto be one of the key deployment scenarios. In such high frequency bands,a carrier bandwidth can be up to 400 MHz (or wider), and each carriermay consist of multiple non-contiguous chunks of spectrum. Because (i)the UE receive channel bandwidth can be smaller than the carrierbandwidth, (ii) non-contiguous spectrum may be used for one carrier, and(iii) multiple numerologies can be configured within one carrier,bandwidth parts (“BWPs”) based operation was developed in 5G NR.

Each BWP consists of a group of contiguous physical resource blocks(“PRBs”) and is associated with a certain numerology (e.g., subcarrierspacing in OFDM operation) and/or service (e.g., eMBB or URLLC). Some ofthe use-cases for BWPs are to support, e.g., reduced UE bandwidthcapability; reduced UE energy consumption by means of bandwidthadaptation; frequency division multiplexing (“FDM”) of differentnumerologies; and non-contiguous spectrum.

In BWP operation, a UE is configured with one or multiple DL BWPs usedfor DL reception, and one or multiple UL BWPs used for UL transmission.For example, in 5G NR Release 15 (“Rel-15”), UE may be configured withup to four DL BWPs and up to four UL BWPs in a given serving cell. Theconfigured DL and UL BWPs with the same BWP index for a serving cell areconsidered to have the same center frequency location in TDD operation,but may have distinct frequency locations in FDD operation (e.g., below6 GHz) while not necessarily spaced at the frequency division duplexspacing.

An initial DL BPW is defined as the DL BWP of a serving cell (PCell,PSCell, and/or SCell) which corresponds to control resource set(“CORESET”) for Type0-PDCCH common search space which is used forscheduling reception of the Remaining Minimum System Information(“RMSI”). An initial UL BWP is defined as the UL BWP of a primaryserving cell (PCell or PSCell) on which at least initial random-accessprocedure occurs.

An active DL/UL BWP is defined as the DL/UL BWP on a serving cell onwhich data reception/transmission can occur. The active DL/UL BWP may bethe same as the initial DL/UL BWP. As of 3GPP NR Rel-15, the UE is notexpected to monitor or make measurements on any configured BWP otherthan the active DL/UL BWP.

The active DL/UL BWP can dynamically change. For example, a BWPindicator field in downlink control information (“DCI”) forDL-assignment/UL-grant may be used to indicate which of the configuredDL/UL BWPs are currently active for DL reception/UL transmission. If theactive DL BWP has been unused (e.g., no DCI has been received on that DLBWP) for a long time, then the UE may fall back to a so-called defaultDL BWP, which is either the initial DL BWP or another DL BWP (e.g.,configured by higher-layers).

Additionally, in 5G NR it is possible to pair/supplement an additionaluplink carrier to an NR serving cell (in both TDD and FDD operation) asa complementary access link only for UL transmission purposes, so thattwo ULs are paired with a single DL in the NR serving cell. Thisadditional carrier may be in the same frequency band or in a differentfrequency band as the normal. Such an additionally paired uplink carrierto a serving cell is called a supplementary (or secondary) uplink(“SUL”). For example, a SUL carrier on 700 MHz can complement/supplementthe “normal” UL carrier (e.g., non-SUL carrier, also referred to as the“NUL” carrier) on 4, 30, or 70 GHz, where the SUL carrier can provideenhanced uplink coverage compared to the NUL carrier. In some cases, theNR SUL carrier may fully or partially overlap in frequency with an LTEUL carrier.

In terms of the interworking of BWP and SUL, note that, if a SUL carrieris configured for a serving cell, the SUL can have anindependent/separate set of (e.g., up to 4) UL BWPs configured for theUE. Therefore, in NR Rel-15, for a serving cell configured with an SULcarrier, there can be one active UL BWP on the NUL carrier (e.g.,non-SUL carrier) and one active UL BWP on the SUL carrier. Moreover, aninitial UL BWP can be configured on the SUL carrier in addition to thatconfigured for the NUL carrier of the primary serving cell.

Transmit power control (PC) and power headroom report (PHR) areimportant elements of UE operation. PC and PHR for non-CA (e.g., singlecell) and CA scenarios already have been well discussed for previousgenerations of cellular communication systems, such as in LTE. However,specification of PC and PHR behavior in 5G NR would involve BWPoperation and SUL carriers and lead to novel situations and scenarios.

Power control and power headroom formulas that involve some aspects ofBWP operation have been adopted for 5G operation. For example, if a UEtransmits a PUSCH on UL BWP b of UL carrier f of serving cell c usingparameter set configuration with index j and PUSCH power controladjustment state with index l, the UE determines the PUSCH transmissionpower P_(PUSCH,b,f,c)(i, j, q_(d), l) in PUSCH transmission occasion ias

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{{PUSCH},b,f,c}\left( {i,j,q_{d},l} \right)} = {\min\left\{ {\begin{matrix}{P_{{CMAX},f,c}(i)} \\\begin{matrix}{\left. {{P_{{O\;\_\;{PUSCH}},b,f,c}(j)} +} \right) +} \\{{10\;{\log_{10}\left( {2^{\mu} \cdot {M_{{RB},b,f,c}^{PUSCH}(i)}} \right)}} + {{{\alpha_{b,f,c}(j)} \cdot {PL}_{b,f,c}}\left( q_{d} \right)}}\end{matrix}\end{matrix} + {\Delta_{{TF},b,f,c}(i)} + {f_{b,f,c}\left( {i,l} \right)}} \right\}}} & {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 1}\end{matrix}$

where the PUSCH transmission power of Equation 1 is in [dBm], where allparameters in the calculation are defined in 3GPP TS 38.213 (ver.15.0.0), which is incorporated herein by reference.

Many PC parameters are configured per UL BWP, including: the UE-specificcomponent of target power spectral density (“PSD”) value ‘P0_UE’, thefractional pathloss compensation factor α, the pathloss (“PL”)reference, the closed-loop power control (“CL-PC”) process, and thetransmission bandwidth (e.g., number of PRBs) allocation. However, theconfigured maximum UE transmit power, ‘P_(CMAX),f,c,’ and the nominalcomponent of target PSD value, ‘P0_nominal,’ may be configured per ULcarrier of a serving cell, without regard to the choice of UL BWP.

In a related example, a PUSCH PHR dependent on the UL BWP may be definedin a similar fashion as follows: If a UE transmits PUSCH in PUSCHtransmission occasion i on UL BWP b of UL carrier f of serving cell c,the UE computes an actual power headroom in [dB] for a Type 1 report.Thus, if the UE determines that a Type 1 power headroom report for anactivated serving cell is based on an actual PUSCH transmission, thenfor PUSCH transmission occasion i on active UL BWP b of carrier f ofserving cell c, the UE computes the Type 1 power headroom report asPH _(type1,b,f,c)(i,j,q _(d) ,l)=P _(CMAX,f,c)(i)−{P_(O_PUSCH,b,f,c)(j)+)+10 log₁₀(2^(μ) ·M _(RB,b,f,c)^(PUSCH)(i))+α_(b,f,c)(j)·PL _(b,f,c)(q _(d))+Δ_(TF,b,f,c)(i)+f_(b,f,c)(i,l)}  Equation 2

If the UE does not transmit PUSCH in PUSCH transmission occasion i on ULBWP b of UL carrier f of serving cell c, then the UE cannot report anactual power headroom. This is due to the fact that if there is noPUCCH/PUSCH transmission in transmission occasion i, thenP_(CMAX,f,c)(i) cannot be determined. The UE instead reports a “virtual”power headroom based on a reference PUSCH transmission. Accordingly, ifthe UE determines that a Type 1 power headroom report for an activatedserving cell is based on a reference PUSCH transmission, then for PUSCHtransmission occasion i on active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cellc, the UE computes the Type 1 power headroom report in [dB] asPH _(type1,b,f,c)(i,j,q _(d) ,l)={tilde over (P)} _(CMAX,f,c)(i)−{P_(O_PUSCH,b,f,c)(j)+)+α_(b,f,c)(j)·PL _(b,f,c)(q _(d))+f_(b,f,c)(i,l)}  Equation 3

where {tilde over (P)}_(CMAX,f,c)(i) is computed assuming MPR=0 dB,A-MPR=0 dB, P-MPR=0 dB, ΔT_(C)=0 dB, where MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR and ΔT_(C)are power reduction/backoff terms. These power reduction/backoff termsare all defined in 3GPP TS 38.101 Rel-15. Note that as of NR Rel-15,only one PHR per serving cell is supported; however, future phases of3GPP NR (e.g., beyond 5G NR Rel-15) may support multiple PHR per servingcell.

Regarding BWP operation for power control, at the time of invention itis not defined whether it is needed to configure the same or differentpower control parameters and pathloss measurement reference resources ineach BWP and to reset a closed-loop power control process or not uponchanging an active BWP are dependent on deployment and operationalscenarios. Thus, a network entity (“NE”), such as gNB or other RAN node,may select proper configuration and operation modes and explicitly orimplicitly indicate to a UE. Furthermore, virtual PHR configuration maycorrespond to a default setting, instead of a gNB configured setting, inwhich case the default setting for the UL carrier and the UL BWP need tobe specified. In addition, in the case that multiple active BWPs aresupported, PC parameters as well as PHR triggering conditions and PHRformat should consider the number of configured BWPs and the number ofactive BWPs, which are not discussed in previous works.

FIG. 1 depicts a wireless communication system 100 for UE power controlfor multiple UL carriers, according to embodiments of the disclosure. Inone embodiment, the wireless communication system 100 includes at leastone remote unit 105, a radio access network (“RAN”) 120, and a mobilecore network 140. The RAN 120 and the mobile core network 140 form amobile communication network. The RAN 120 may be composed of a base unit110 with which the remote unit 105 communicates using wirelesscommunication links 115. Even though a specific number of remote units105, base units 110, wireless communication links 115, RANs 120, andmobile core networks 140 are depicted in FIG. 1, one of skill in the artwill recognize that any number of remote units 105, base units 110,wireless communication links 115, RANs 120, and mobile core networks 140may be included in the wireless communication system 100.

In one implementation, the wireless communication system 100 iscompliant with the 5G system specified in the 3GPP specifications. Moregenerally, however, the wireless communication system 100 may implementsome other open or proprietary communication network, for example, LTEor WiMAX, among other networks. The present disclosure is not intendedto be limited to the implementation of any particular wirelesscommunication system architecture or protocol.

In one embodiment, the remote units 105 may include computing devices,such as desktop computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistants(“PDAs”), tablet computers, smart phones, smart televisions (e.g.,televisions connected to the Internet), smart appliances (e.g.,appliances connected to the Internet), set-top boxes, game consoles,security systems (including security cameras), vehicle on-boardcomputers, network devices (e.g., routers, switches, modems), or thelike. In some embodiments, the remote units 105 include wearabledevices, such as smart watches, fitness bands, optical head-mounteddisplays, or the like. Moreover, the remote units 105 may be referred toas the UEs, subscriber units, mobiles, mobile stations, users,terminals, mobile terminals, fixed terminals, subscriber stations, userterminals, wireless transmit/receive unit (“WTRU”), a device, or byother terminology used in the art.

The remote units 105 may communicate directly with one or more of thebase units 110 in the RAN 120 via uplink (“UL”) and downlink (“DL”)communication signals. Furthermore, the UL and DL communication signalsmay be carried over the wireless communication links 115. Here, the RAN120 is an intermediate network that provides the remote units 105 withaccess to the mobile core network 140.

In some embodiments, the remote units 105 communicate with anapplication server 135 via a network connection with the mobile corenetwork 140. For example, an application 107 (e.g., web browser, mediaclient, telephone/VoIP application) in a remote unit 105 may trigger theremote unit 105 to establish a PDU session (or other data connection)with the mobile core network 140 via the RAN 120. The mobile corenetwork 140 then relays traffic between the remote unit 105 and theapplication server 135 in the packet data network 130 using the PDUsession. Note that the remote unit 105 may establish one or more PDUsessions (or other data connections) with the mobile core network 140.As such, the remote unit 105 may concurrently have at least one PDUsession for communicating with the packet data network 130 and at leastone PDU session for communicating with another data network (not shown).

The base units 110 may be distributed over a geographic region. Incertain embodiments, a base unit 110 may also be referred to as anaccess terminal, an access point, a base, a base station, a Node-B, aneNB, a gNB, a Home Node-B, a relay node, or by any other terminologyused in the art. The base units 110 are generally part of a radio accessnetwork (“RAN”), such as the RAN 120, that may include one or morecontrollers communicably coupled to one or more corresponding base units110. These and other elements of radio access network are notillustrated but are well known generally by those having ordinary skillin the art. The base units 110 connect to the mobile core network 140via the RAN 120.

The base units 110 may serve a number of remote units 105 within aserving area, for example, a cell or a cell sector, via a wirelesscommunication link 115. The base units 110 may communicate directly withone or more of the remote units 105 via communication signals.Generally, the base units 110 transmit DL communication signals to servethe remote units 105 in the time, frequency, and/or spatial domain.Furthermore, the DL communication signals may be carried over thewireless communication links 115. The wireless communication links 115may be any suitable carrier in licensed or unlicensed radio spectrum.The wireless communication links 115 facilitate communication betweenone or more of the remote units 105 and/or one or more of the base units110.

In one embodiment, the mobile core network 140 is a 5G core (“5GC”) orthe evolved packet core (“EPC”), which may be coupled to a packet datanetwork 130, like the Internet and private data networks, among otherdata networks. A remote unit 105 may have a subscription or otheraccount with the mobile core network 140. Each mobile core network 140belongs to a single public land mobile network (“PLMN”). The presentdisclosure is not intended to be limited to the implementation of anyparticular wireless communication system architecture or protocol.

The mobile core network 140 includes several network functions (“NFs”).As depicted, the mobile core network 140 includes multiple user planefunctions (“UPFs”) 145. The mobile core network 140 also includesmultiple control plane functions including, but not limited to, anAccess and Mobility Management Function (“AMF”) 141 that serves the RAN120, a Session Management Function (“SMF”) 143, and a Policy ControlFunction (“PCF”) 147. In certain embodiments, the mobile core network140 may also include an Authentication Server Function (“AUSF”), aUnified Data Management function (“UDM”) 149, a Network RepositoryFunction (“NRF”) (used by the various NFs to discover and communicatewith each other over APIs), or other NFs defined for the 5GC.

Although specific numbers and types of network functions are depicted inFIG. 1, one of skill in the art will recognize that any number and typeof network functions may be included in the mobile core network 140.Moreover, where the mobile core network 140 is an EPC, the depictednetwork functions may be replaced with appropriate EPC entities, such asan MME, S-GW, P-GW, HSS, and the like. In certain embodiments, themobile core network 140 may include a AAA server.

In various embodiments, the mobile core network 140 supports differenttypes of mobile data connections and different types of network slices,wherein each mobile data connection utilizes a specific network slice.Here, a “network slice” refers to a portion of the mobile core network140 optimized for a certain traffic type or communication service. Incertain embodiments, the various network slices may include separateinstances of network functions, such as the SMF 143 and UPF 145. In someembodiments, the different network slices may share some common networkfunctions, such as the AMF 141. The different network slices are notshown in FIG. 1 for ease of illustration, but their support is assumed.

While FIG. 1 depicts components of a 5G RAN and a 5G core network, thedescribed embodiments for UE power control for multiple UL carriersapply to other types of communication networks, including IEEE 802.11variants, UMTS, LTE variants, CDMA 2000, Bluetooth, and the like. Forexample, in an LTE/EPC variant, the AMF 141 may be mapped to an MME, theSMF 143 may be mapped to a control plane portion of a PGW, the UPF 145may be mapped to a STW and a user plane portion of the PGW, etc.

The remote unit 105 may be configured for UL BWP and SUL. Moreover, theremote unit 105 may be configured with a maximum UE transmit power on aserving cell c and UL carrier f. In various embodiments, the remote unit105 performs uplink transmission on one or a plurality of active UL BWPsusing the determined transmit power value. The various embodimentsdescribed herein applies generally to UL transmissions. UL transmissionsmay include PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS, or PRACH transmissions.

In one embodiment, in a single-cell or carrier-aggregation operation,simultaneous transmissions (e.g., transmissions having the same ordifferent starting time instance and/or length of the transmissions) mayoccur on different active UL BWP(s) of different uplink carrier and/orserving cells, leading to partial or full overlap between different ULtransmissions. In such embodiments, if the aggregated transmit power forthe remote unit 105 across all corresponding uplink carriers and/orserving cells in any symbols/portions/parts of the UL transmissionsexceeds the configured maximum UE transmit power, e.g., P_(CMAX), thenthe remote unit 105 reduces power, e.g., by applying a powerdown-scaling factor and/or drops transmission on the ULBWPs/carriers/cells.

FIG. 2 depicts a network architecture 200 for UE power control formultiple UL carriers, according to embodiments of the disclosure. Thenetwork architecture 200 includes a UE 205 and a RAN Node 210. The UE205 may be one embodiment of the remote unit 105, described above. TheRAN Node 210 (e.g., a gNB) may be one embodiment of the base unit 110,described above.

In LTE, a configured maximum UE transmit/output power for a serving cellc is denoted as P_(CMAX),c and is essentially defined as the UE powerclass minus some power reduction terms (e.g., MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR,ΔT_(C)). A similar definition is adopted so far for 5G NR, with theextension that separate P_(CMAX),f,c is defined for each UL carrier f(e.g., NUL and SUL) of a serving cell c.

As depicted, the RAN Node 210 may configure the UE 205 with multiple ULBWP (see messaging 215). In some embodiments, the configured maximum UEoutput power on a serving cell c and UL carrier f is also a function ofthe UL BWP, that is, P_(CMAX), b,f,c. As depicted, the RAN Node 210 mayconfigure the UE 205 with P_(CMAX),b,f,c for each configured UL BWP (seemessaging 220). Additionally, various specified maximum power reductionterms (e.g., MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR, ΔT_(C)) and/or the maximum allowed UEoutput power signaled by higher layers for UL carrier f and serving cellc (‘P_(EMAX), f,c’ in the P_(CMAX),b,f,c formula) are configured per ULBWP, so that parameters MPR_b,f,c or P_(EMAX),b,f,c, etc., are specifiedand/or configured.

Different MPR limits may be applicable for different UL BWPs of anuplink carrier, the applicable limits may be specified and/or configuredto the UE. For example, a first BWP that is not near the frequencyband-edge can have a first MPR limit, while a second BWP that is at thefrequency band-edge can have a second MPR limit. The second MPR limitmay be more stringent than the first MPR limit.

Similarly, a UE may be configured by higher layers with different valuesof maximum allowed UE output power (P_(EMAX),b,f,c) for different ULBWPs (see messaging 220). For example, a first BWP that is not near thefrequency band-edge can have a first value of maximum allowed UE outputpower, while a second BWP that is at the frequency band-edge can have asecond value of maximum allowed UE output power. The second value ofmaximum allowed UE output power may be smaller than the first value ofmaximum allowed UE output power.

In one example, if the frequency distance between one UL BWP (or a firstset of UL BWPs) and another UL BWP (or a second set of UL BWPs) (e.g.,as the distance between the highest frequency of the first set of ULBWPs and the lowest frequency of the second set of UL BWPs) is greaterthan a certain, predetermined/configured threshold, then the configuredvalues for some or all of the specified maximum power reduction terms(e.g., MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR, ΔT_(C)) and/or the configured maximum allowedUE output power P_(EMAX),b,f,c, and therefore the configuredP_(CMAX),b,f,c for the first set of UL BWPs may be different from thoseof the second set of UL BWPs.

In one example, if the UE uses or if it is assumed that the UE usesdifferent power amplifiers (PAs) for UL transmission on different ULBWPs of an UL carrier of a serving cell, then different P_(CMAX),b,f,cvalues can be set for different PAs. Thus, P_(CMAX),b,f,c may becalculated under the assumption that the transmit power is increasedindependently on different UL BWPs of UL carrier f of serving cell c. Inone example, if the UE uses or if it is assumed that the UE uses acommon power amplifiers (PA) for UL transmission on different BWPs of anUL carrier of a serving cell, P_(CMAX),b,f,c may be calculated under theassumption that the transmit power is increased by the same amount in dBon the different UL BWPs of UL carrier f of serving cell c. In thiscase, for each of the MPR terms, a single value that is common todifferent UL BWPs may be used; however, the maximum allowed UE outputpower P_(EMAX),b,f,c can be configured to different values for thedifferent UL BWPs of UL carrier f of serving cell c.

Moreover, the RAN Node 210 may activate one or more UL BWP of the UE 205(see messaging 225). Accordingly, the UE 205 may calculateP_(CMAX),b,f,c based on the active UL BWP(s) (see block 230). The UE 205transmits PUCCH and/or PUSCH using BWP-specific UE transmit power (e.g.,based on P_(CMAX),b,f,c) (see messaging 235).

In certain embodiments, the configured maximum UE transmit power on aserving cell c and UL carrier f is not a function of the bandwidth part,that is, P_(CMAX),f,c. In one example, the specified maximum powerreduction terms (e.g., MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR, ΔT_(C)) in the P_(CMAX),f,cformula can be independent of the UL BWP, e.g., they take on the samevalues for all configured UL BWPs within a carrier of a serving cell, sothat P_(CMAX),f,c is the same regardless of the active UL BWP. This canbe useful, e.g., when there is only one active UL BWP per UL carrier ofa serving cell (e.g., as in 5G NR Rel-15).

In another example, the power reduction terms for each individual UL BWPof a given UL carrier of a serving cell can be the same or different,but to define/configure the maximum UE transmit power for the overalloperation an UL carrier of a serving cell, “multi-cluster” maximum powerreduction terms (e.g., “multi-cluster” MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR, ΔT_(C)) arespecified, which refer to power reduction for non-contiguous allocationsof scheduled PRBs across (and possibly also within) different UL BWPs ofan UL carrier f of a serving cell c, e.g., in terms of sums ofindividual MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR terms across UL BWPs, similar to“multi-cluster” power reduction terms in LTE for CA operation withnon-contiguous PRB allocation within one serving cell [3GPP TS 36.101].This can be useful, e.g., when transmission on multiple active UL BWPswithin an UL carrier of a serving cell is supported (e.g., in 5G NRPhase 2, e.g., beyond Rel-15).

FIG. 3 depicts a procedure 300 for UE power control for multiple ULcarriers, according to embodiments of the disclosure. The procedure 300may be performed by a UE, such as the remote unit 105 and/or the UE 205.Here, the UE is configured with multiple BWPs for a UL carrier (e.g., ofa serving cell).

The procedure 300 begins as the UE implements a closed loop powercontrol (“CL-PC”) process for a first BWP of the UL carrier (see block305). Here, it is presumed that the CL-PC process is in accumulativemode. The UE detects a switch from the first UL BWP to a secondconfigured UL BWP (see block 310). In response to the switch, the UEdetermines whether the first UL BWP and the second UL BWP are closelyrelated using one or more of the factors discussed below (see decisionblock 315). If the first UL BWP and second UL BWP are closely related,then the UE carries over the power control accumulation status for theCL-PC process to the second UL BWP (see block 320). As used herein, thepower control accumulation status refers to the power control adjustmentstate in the accumulation mode.

However, if the first UL BWP and second UL BWP are not closely related,then the UE may check whether a rate of BWP switching is above athreshold amount (see decision block 325). Here, if the rate of BWPswitching is above a threshold amount, then the UE carries over thepower control accumulation status for the CL-PC process to the second ULBWP (see block 320). Otherwise, if the rate of BWP switching is notabove a threshold amount, then the UE resets the power controlaccumulation status for the CL-PC process to the second UL BWP (seeblock 330). Note that in certain embodiments, the UE may be configuredto ignore the rate of BWP switching. In such embodiments, the UE resetsthe power control accumulation status of the CL-PC if the first UL BWPand second UL BWP are not closely related.

In various embodiments, one or multiple CL-PC processes may be sharedbetween different UL BWPs of an UL carrier of a serving cell. Forexample, there may be a total number (e.g., two) of CL-PC processesshared among all UL BWPs of a serving cell. In another example, theremay be 2×N CL-PC processes configured for an UL carrier of a servingcell, where N is the number of active UL BWPs of the UL carrier. In suchembodiments, if switching of one (or multiple) active UL BWP(s) occur(s)(e.g., a switch from the first active UL BWP to the second active ULBWP), then the CL-PC process associated with the now inactive UL BWP maybe used as the power control adjustment status for the new active ULBWP(s) according to the mapping between old and new UL BWP(s).Beneficially, carrying over the CL-PC process avoids abrupt UE transmitpower changes and potential phase discontinuity issues.

As discussed above, if CL-PC process is in the accumulative mode and ifBWP switching occurs, the power control accumulation status of the oldUL BWP(s) may carry-over or reset to the new UL BWP(s) based on howclosely related the UL BWPs are. Various factors the UE may considerwhen determine whether the UL BWPs are closely related are as follows:

In certain embodiments, the CL-PC process is reset upon active UL BWPswitching if the old and new UL BWPs are largely separated in frequency.For instance, if a frequency distance between the old and new UL BWPs islarger than a threshold value, then the UE resets the CL-PC process. Asused herein, “frequency distance” refers to a distance between thehighest frequency of a first BWP in a lower frequency part and thelowest frequency of a second BWP in a higher frequency part. Thethreshold value may be predetermined or configured at the UE.

Note that under large frequency separation between given two configuredBWPs, UE may be equipped with separate power amplifiers and radiofrequency (“RF”) chains, similar to inter-band CA or intra-bandnon-contiguous CA operation. Because of the separate PAs and RF chains(and potentially significantly different dynamic interference levelsacross BWPs), power offset with respect to a desired power level in thenew UL BWP may be different from power offset in the old UL BWP.Accordingly, in such scenarios the UE resets the power controladjustment state in the accumulation mode or “power control accumulationstatus.” Thus, if UE's active UL BWP changes from a first BWP in a NULcarrier of a serving cell to a second BWP in a SUL of the serving cell,then the UE may reset the power control adjustment state due to largefrequency separation between the UL carrier and SUL carrier.

Similarly, the accumulation status of the CL-PC process may be carriedover upon active UL BWP switching, if the old and new UL BWPs areclosely located in frequency. For example, if a frequency distancebetween the old and new UL BWPs is smaller than a threshold value (whichcan be predetermined or configured), then the UE carries over the powercontrol adjustment state. With small frequency separation or overlappedbandwidth between two BWPs, the UE is likely to use the same PA and RFchain for both BWPs and interference levels may not be significantlydifferent. Accordingly, the UE can carry over the power controladjustment state from one BWP to another BWP.

In certain embodiments, the UE considers open-loop parameter values(e.g., P0 and α) when deciding whether the new and old active BWPs areclosely related. For example, the CL-PC process may be carried over ifthe same open-loop parameters (P0 and α) values are configured for thecorresponding old and new UL BWPs. Otherwise, if different open-loopparameters (P0 and α) values are configured for the corresponding oldand new UL BWPs, then the CL-PC process may be reset upon UL BWPswitching.

As discussed above, the CL-PC process may be carried over if UL BWPswitching is occurring very frequently. Here, “very frequently” may bedefined as exceeding a threshold rate, e.g., more than X switches in thelast Y radio frames. In one embodiment, the threshold rate ispredefined. In another embodiment, the threshold rate is configured bythe RAN node. The CL-PC process may be carried over if UL BWP switchingis occurring very frequently, so as to avoid abrupt UE transmit powerchanges and ping-pong effects. If the UL BWP switching rate does notexceed the threshold rate, then the UE is permitted to reset the CL-PCprocess.

In various embodiments, the UE considers UL carrier properties whendeciding whether the new and old active BWPs are closely related. Incertain embodiments, the CL-PC process is carried over if the samenumerology (subcarrier spacing) and/or service (traffic type, e.g., eMBBor URLLC) are configured for the corresponding old and new UL BWP(s),otherwise the CL-PC process is reset upon UL BWP switching. In certainembodiments, the CL-PC process is carried over if the same modulationand coding scheme (MCS) and/or channel quality indicator (CQI) table(s)and/or target reliability (e.g., block error ratio, “BLER”) requirementare configured for both the old and the new UL BWP, otherwise the CL-PCprocess is reset upon UL BWP switching.

In certain embodiments, the CL-PC process is carried over if the samepathloss references or QCL pathloss references are configured for boththe old and the new UL BWP. Here, the pathloss reference in first (e.g.,old) BWP may be the same or QCL with pathloss reference in second (e.g.,new) BWP. The quasi-co-location may be with respect to a subset of thelarge-scale properties (such as only spatial RX parameters), otherwisethe CL-PC process is reset upon UL BWP switching.

In certain embodiments, the UE considers both pathloss references andopen-loop parameter values when deciding whether the new and old activeBWPs are closely related. For example, the CL-PC process may be carriedover if the same/QCL pathloss reference(s) AND the same open-loopparameters (P0 and α) are configured for both the old and the new ULBWP, otherwise the CL-PC process is reset upon UL BWP switching.

In some embodiments, the UE considers both pathloss references incombination with other properties when deciding whether the new and oldactive BWPs are closely related. In certain embodiments, the CL-PCprocess is carried over if the same/QCL pathloss reference(s) AND thesame MCS and/or CQI table(s) and/or target reliability (e.g., BLER)requirement are configured for both the old and the new UL BWP,otherwise the CL-PC process is reset upon UL BWP switching. In certainembodiments, the CL-PC process is carried over if the same/QCL pathlossreference(s) AND the same MCS and/or CQI table(s) and/or targetreliability (e.g., BLER) requirement AND the same open-loop parameters(P0 and α) are configured for both the old and the new UL BWP, otherwisethe CL-PC process is reset upon UL BWP switching.

In some embodiments, MCS table(s) and/or CQI table(s) and/or targetreliability requirement(s) (e.g., BLER) are UE-specifically configuredfor a given serving cell, rather than per BWP of the serving cell. For agiven pathloss reference and a given UL physical channel, if the UE isindicated with an MCS table (or code rate table) and/or targetreliability different than the previous ones, then the UE resets thepower control adjustment state upon receiving indication. The indicationcan be received via UL grant DCI for grant-based PUSCH, via RRCsignaling or corresponding DL assignment DCI for PUCCH, and via RRCsignaling for configured-grant based PUSCH. In one example, UL grant DCIand/or DL assignment DCI may include a field to indicate which MCS tableassociated with a different target reliability is to be used.Alternatively, a different DCI format(s) may be defined to supportdifferent target reliabilities.

In certain embodiments, if different modulation and coding scheme (MCS)and/or channel quality indicator (CQI) table(s) and/or targetreliability (e.g., BLER) requirement are configured for two BWP (or fortwo services/logical channels/TTI lengths in the same BWP), the equationused for computing ΔTF,b,f,c(i) and/or some of the configured parametersused for computing ΔTF,b,f,c(i) (in the power control equation) may bedifferent for the two BWP (or for the two services/logical channels/TTIlengths in the same BWP). In various embodiments, ΔTF,b,f,c(i) may becomputed using the below equation when the configured K_(S) value isnon-zero:Δ_(TF,b,f,c)(i)=10 log₁₀((2^(BPRE·K) ^(S) −1)·β_(offset)^(PUSCH))  Equation 4

In various embodiments, the values for BPRE (“bits per resourceelement”) and β_(offset) ^(PUSCH) may be determined for each UL BWP b ofeach carrier f and serving cell c using 3GPP TS 38.213. In certainembodiments, the value of K_(S) may be provided by the parameterdeltaMCS for each UL BWP b of each carrier f and serving cell c. Forexample, the K_(S) value used in ΔTF,b,f,c(i) may be configured todifferent non-zero values. In such embodiments, the UE may reset theCL-PC process if the configured parameters used for computingΔTF,b,f,c(i) are different for the two BWP. In one embodiment,ΔTF,b,f,c(i)=0 when the configured K_(S) value is zero. In certainembodiments, if the PUSCH transmission is over more than onetransmission layer, then ΔTF,b,f,c(i)=0.

Accordingly, in various embodiments the UE receives a plurality oftarget reliability configurations. Here, each of the plurality of targetreliability configurations includes at least one of: a modulation andcoding scheme (MCS) table, a channel quality indicator (CQI) table, andan associated radio network temporary identifier. Additionally, the UEmay perform a first uplink transmission of an uplink channel based on afirst target reliability configuration and a power control adjustmentstate of the uplink channel.

In certain embodiments, the UE receives an indication for a seconduplink transmission of the uplink channel. Here, the second uplinktransmission of the uplink channel may be based on a second targetreliability configuration and the power control adjustment state of theuplink channel. The UE determines whether the second target reliabilityconfiguration is different than the first target reliabilityconfiguration and, in response to the determination that the secondtarget reliability configuration is different than the first targetreliability configuration, may reset a power control adjustment state ofthe uplink channel.

Afterwards, the UE performs the second uplink transmission of the uplinkchannel based on the second target reliability configuration and thereset power control adjustment state of the uplink channel. In someembodiments, each of the plurality of target reliability configurationsfurther includes an associated downlink control information (DCI)format. In some embodiments, each of the plurality of target reliabilityconfigurations further includes a set of power control parameters. Insuch embodiments, the set of power control parameters may include atleast one of a power spectral density per subcarrier spacing and apathloss compensation parameter.

In certain embodiments, the uplink channel is a physical uplink sharedchannel (PUSCH). In some embodiments, the UE further receives anindication that the second uplink transmission of the uplink channel isbased on the second target reliability configuration via downlinkcontrol information.

In a beam-based communication operation such as 5G NR, due todirectional antenna beamforming operation, a single pathloss referenceand a single CL-PC process (e.g., as used in 4G LTE) is insufficient tocapture power characteristics in all directions. Accordingly, in 5G NRRel 15 the UEs are to support up to 2 CL-PC processes per serving cell,and up to 4 pathloss reference per serving cell. This is a trade-offbetween minimizing UE complexity and accurate UE transmit powerdetermination. Note that, since both UL carriers (e.g., NUL and SULcarriers) of a serving cell are linked to a single DL carrier, thepathloss reference cannot be distinguished (e.g., differentlyconfigured) for the two UL carriers of a serving cell.

With a BWP-specific power control operation, in which open-loop (e.g., αand at least the UE-specific component of P0), pathloss reference, andCL-PC process are configured per UL BWP, the number of required PLreferences and CL-PC processes may differ in the case that multipleactive BWPs are supported. The below solutions clarify whether thenumber of maintained PL references and/or CL-PC processes are to scalewith the number of active UL BWPs.

In some embodiments, the UE is configured with and maintains a totalnumber (e.g., M<=4) of pathloss references for a serving cell,regardless of the number of configured BWPs and/or the number of activeBWPs per serving cell. This first solution is beneficial for lower UEcomplexity, and is not expected to cause significant performance loss,particularly for lower frequency bands such as below 6 GHz.

In some embodiments, a UE is configured with and maintains a number(e.g., M<=4) of pathloss references per configured UL BWP for each ULcarrier of a serving cell, so that the UE is configured with andmaintains a total number (e.g., 4M<=16) of pathloss references when upto 4 UL BWPs are configured per serving cell, regardless of the numberof active UL BWPs. Note that a UE may be configured with differentnumbers of pathloss references for different BWPs. This second solutionsignificantly increases UE complexity as compared to the first solution.Beneficially, the second solution improves UE transmit powerdetermination accuracy for higher frequency bands, e.g., above 6 GHz,where different BWPs within an UL carrier of a serving cell are expectedto be far apart.

In some embodiments, a UE maintains a total number M×N of pathlossreferences per serving cell, where L≤(M×N)≤4N. Here, N≤4 is the numberof active UL BWPs within the UL carrier of the serving cell. The numberL may be fixed for all frequency bands or may depend upon the frequencyband of the UL carrier of the serving cell. A UE may be configured withdifferent number of pathloss references for different active BWPs. Forexample, in the case of NR Rel 15, where only one BWP is active withineach UL carrier of a serving cell, the UE may maintain up to eightpathloss references serving cell. This third solution may be useful totrade-off UE complexity with accurate UE transmit power determinationacross different UL BWPs for both low and high frequency bands.

In certain embodiments, the UE is configured with and maintains a setnumber (e.g., two) of separate/independent CL-PC processes per UL BWP,so e.g., up to eight separate CL-PC processes per UL carrier of aserving cell when up to 4 UL BWPs are configured for the UL carrier of aserving cell, regardless of the number of active UL BWPs. A UE may beconfigured with different number of CL-PC processes for different BWPs.

In certain embodiments, the UE is configured with and maintains a totalnumber (e.g., two) CL-PC processes per serving cell, shared between allBWPs of both UL carriers, regardless of the number of configured UL BWPsand/or number of active UL BWPs.

In another embodiment, the UE is configured with and maintains a totalnumber 2×N of CL-PC processes shared between all UL BWPs of an ULcarrier of a serving cell, where N is the number of active BWPs, so that2×N CL-PC processes are used as the power adjustment status for activeBWPs. A UE may be configured with different number of CL-PC processesfor different active BWPs. In one example, if there is only one activeBWP (as in the case of NR Rel 15), then only two CL-PC processes aremaintained by the UE for each UL carrier of a serving cell.

FIG. 4 depicts a network architecture 400 for UE power control formultiple UL carriers, according to embodiments of the disclosure. Thenetwork architecture 400 includes a UE 405 and a RAN Node 410. The UE405 may be one embodiment of the remote unit 105, described above. TheRAN Node 410 (e.g., a gNB) may be one embodiment of the base unit 110,described above.

The RAN Node 410 may configure the UE 405 with a NUL carrier and a SULcarrier (see messaging 415). During operation on NUL and SUL, the UE 405detects a time where UL transmissions are scheduled on different ULcarriers that overlap in time (see block 420). The UE 405 determinesthat the estimated aggregated transmission power during the overlappingUL transmissions will exceed P_(CMAX) for the UE 405 (see block 425).

In response to the aggregated transmission power exceeding the limit,the UE 405 reduces the power of the future UL transmission according toone or more priority rules, as discussed in further detail below (seeblock 430). In certain embodiments, the UE 405 reduced power by applyinga power downscaling-factor to one or more UL carriers during the overlapperiod. In certain embodiments, the UE 405 reduced power by dropping ULtransmission on one or more UL carriers during the overlap period.Having reduced the UL transmission power to comply with P_(CMAX), the UE405 transmits PUCCH and/or PUSCH (see messaging 435).

While described with reference to multiple UL carriers (e.g., NUL/SULoperation) on the same serving cell, similar techniques may apply to theUE 405 configured with multiple UL carriers over multiple serving cells(e.g., CA on the UL) and overlapping UL transmissions are scheduled ondifferent UL carriers. Similar principles also apply when the UE 405 isconfigured with multiple active UL BWPs and overlapping UL transmissionsare scheduled on different active UL BWPs.

In some embodiments, in a single-cell (NUL/SUL) or carrier-aggregationoperation, overlapping transmissions may overlap in time (e.g., with thesame or different starting time instance and/or with the same ordifferent length/duration) on different active UL BWP(s) of differentuplink carrier and/or serving cells of the transmissions occur. Thissituation leads to partial or full overlap between different ULtransmissions. If the UE 405 aggregated transmit power across allcorresponding uplink carriers and/or serving cells in anysymbols/portions/parts of the UL transmissions exceeds the configuredmaximum UE transmit power, e.g., P_(CMAX), then the UE 405 reduces poweror drops transmission on the UL BWPs/carriers/cells according to thefollowing priority rules. Note that a combination of priority rules mayalso be used, e.g., when priority ranking of the UL BWPs/carriers/cellsis not resolved by only one priority rule.

When no simultaneous transmission occurs on both UL and SUL uplinkcarriers of the same serving cell, then the UE 405 may follow a rulebased on the priority of the signals/channels. For example, in case ofsame priority order and for operation with two UL carriers, the UE 405prioritizes power allocation for transmissions on the carrier where theUE 405 is configured to transmit PUCCH. However, if PUCCH is notconfigured for any of the two UL carriers, then the UE 405 prioritizespower allocation for transmissions on the non-supplementary UL carrier.

When simultaneous transmission occurs on both NUL and SUL uplinkcarriers of one or multiple serving cell(s), then if, upon disregardingthe NUL/SUL operation, the two transmissions on the two UL carriers of aserving cell correspond to signals/channels that are at differentpriority levels (e.g., per priority rule described in 3GPP TS 38.213Rel-15 Section 7.5), then NUL/SUL operation does not impact/change thepriority level, that is, simply follow the priority level based on thesignal/channel content, described above.

However, if, upon disregarding the NUL/SUL operation, the twotransmissions on the two UL carriers of a serving cell correspond tosignals/channels that are the same priority level (e.g., per priorityrule described in 3GPP TS 38.213 Rel-15 Section 7.5), e.g., when bothare SRS transmissions of the same time-domain periodicity behavior, ore.g., when PUSCH without uplink control information (UCI) is transmittedon one NUL carrier and another PUSCH without UCI is transmitted onanother UL carrier (e.g., SUL), then the UE 405 applies one or more ofthe below the priority rules may resolve the priority ranking of the NULand SUL carriers:

In certain embodiments, the UL carrier configured for PUCCH transmissionhas higher priority than the non-PUCCH UL carrier. The NUL/SUL carrierlocation of PUCCH may be semi-statically configured by higher layers. Incertain embodiments, the NUL carrier has always higher priority than theSUL carrier, regardless of the NUL/SUL location configuration for PUCCH.

In the scenario that multiple active UL BWPs per UL carrier of a servingcell is supported, when overlapping transmissions occur on more than oneactive UL BWP of one/both uplink carrier(s) of one or multiple servingcell(s), then if, upon disregarding the BWP operation, the ULtransmissions on the multiple active UL BWPs correspond tosignals/channels that are at different priority levels (e.g., perpriority rule described in 3GPP TS 38.213 Rel-15 Section 7.5), then BWPoperation does not impact/change the priority level. Accordingly, the UE405 follows the priority level based on the signal/channel content,discussed above.

However, upon disregarding the BWP operation, if the two transmissionson the multiple active UL BWPs correspond to signals/channels that arethe same priority level (e.g., per priority rule devised in 3GPP TS38.213 Rel-15 Section 7.5), e.g., when all active UL BWPs have SRStransmissions of the same time-domain periodicity behavior, or e.g.,when one PUSCH without UCI is transmitted on one active UL BWP (e.g.,toward one spatial direction) and another PUSCH without UCI istransmitted on anther UL BWP (e.g., toward another spatial direction),then the UE 405 applies one or more of the below the priority rules mayresolve the priority ranking of the multiple active BWPs:

In certain embodiments, the active UL BWP that corresponds to highernumerology (e.g., larger subcarrier spacing) has higher priority. Incertain embodiments, the active UL BWP that corresponds to ahigher-priority service/traffic type (e.g., URLLC) has higher priorityover the active UL BWP that corresponds to a lower-priorityservice/traffic type (e.g., eMBB).

In some embodiments, the active UL BWP that corresponds to ahigher-priority MCS and/or CQI table(s) and/or target reliability (e.g.,BLER) requirement (e.g., that/those configured for URLLC) has higherpriority over an UL BWP that corresponds to a lower-priority MCS and/orCQI table(s) and/or target reliability (e.g., BLER) requirement (e.g.,that/those for eMBB).

In certain embodiments, in the case that the active UL BWPs belong to asingle serving cell, then the active UL BWP with the lowest BWP Indexhas highest priority. In the case of active BWP(s) belong to differentserving cells, the active BWP(s) on the serving cell with the lowestserving cell index has highest priority. The case of the active UL BWPsbelong to a single carrier of a serving cell has been described above.

In some embodiments, the attribute(s) used for priority determinationfor the multiple active BWPs (such as numerology, service/traffic typepriority level, and MCS and/or CQI table(s) and/or target reliability(e.g., BLER) requirement priority level) are the same. In suchembodiments, then the UE 405 applies power scaling among those active ULBWP in the same way, except for one or multiple UL transmissions(s)corresponding to one or multiple active UL BWP(s) that are dropped. Inother embodiments, power scaling or dropping among those active UL BWPis up to UE implementation.

In certain embodiments, the active UL BWPs belong to a single servingcell, the active UL BWP with the lowest BWP Index has higher priority.In case of active BWP(s) belong to different serving cells, the activeBWP(s) on the serving cell with the lowest serving cell index has higherpriority.

FIG. 5 depicts a network architecture 500 for UE power control formultiple UL carriers, according to embodiments of the disclosure. Thenetwork architecture 500 includes a UE 505 and a RAN Node 510. The UE505 may be one embodiment of the remote unit 105, described above. TheRAN Node 510 (e.g., a gNB) may be one embodiment of the base unit 110,described above.

As depicted, the RAN Node 510 may configure the UE 505 with multiple ULBWP (see messaging 515). As discussed above, the configured maximum UEoutput power on a serving cell c and UL carrier f may be a function ofthe UL BWP, that is, P_(CMAX),b,f,c. As depicted, the RAN Node 510 mayconfigure the UE 505 with P_(CMAX),b,f,c for each configured UL BWP (seemessaging 520). Moreover, the RAN Node 510 may activate one or more ULBWP of the UE 505 (see messaging 525). As used herein, the term “activeBWP” refers to an BWP where uplink and/or downlink transmissions cantake place. Accordingly, the UE 505 may calculate a power headroom leveland/or a power headroom level for an active BWP (PH_(b)) (see block530). The UE 505 transmits one or more PHR to the RAN Node 510 (seemessaging 535).

As described above, when the UE 505 is configured with multiple UL BWPfor a serving cell and one or more of the configured UL BWPs are active,the UE 505 reports power headroom information for each active UL BWP ofa serving cell (see messaging 535). The reported power headroominformation may encompass a maximum UE transmit power levelP_(CMAX),b,f,c used for the calculation of the power headroom leveland/or a power headroom level for an active BWP (PH_(b)). A powerheadroom (PH) type (e.g., type 1, or type 3 PH) may also be reported. Incertain embodiments, the UE 505 may report multiple PHRs for a servingcell.

In certain embodiments, the UE 505 may compute and report a PHR for anactive UL BWP only if that UL BWP is configured with a differentpathloss reference, e.g., the DL RS resource for pathloss estimation forthe first active UL BWP is not QCL (e.g., at least with respect tospatial Rx parameters) with the DL RS resource for pathloss estimationfor the second active UL BWP.

In certain embodiments, when the UE 505 is configured to report multiplePHRs for different active UL BWPs of an UL carrier of a serving cell,the UE 505 reports an absolute PHR for a first active UL BWP in thatserving cell and differential PHR(s) for the other UL BWP(s) in thatserving cell, where a differential PHR is defined as the relativedifference value between the second/target PHR with respect to thefirst/reference PHR.

A differential PHR can be positive, zero, or negative, where positivedifferential PHR means higher power headroom (PH) on the second/targetactive UL BWP compared to the first/reference active UL BWP; and wherenegative differential PHR means lower PH on the second/target active ULBWP compared to the first/reference active UL BWP, and zero differentialPHR means the same PH on the second/target active UL BWP compared to thefirst/reference active UL BWP. Differential PHR is used to decrease thebit-width used for reporting multiple PHRs.

In certain embodiments, when the UE 505 is configured to report multiplePHRs for different active UL BWPs of an UL carrier of a serving cell,all PHRs corresponding to all active BWPs report absolute values, e.g.,no differential PHR is used. In certain embodiments, when the UE 505 isconfigured to report multiple PHRs for different active UL BWPs of an ULcarrier of a serving cell, how to decide whether to report absolute ordifferential PHR for all active UL BWPs depends on the gNB determinationand/or UE setting.

In one example, differential PHR is used only when P_(CMAX),f,c does notdepend on the choice of the BWP, e.g., a single P_(CMAX),f,c value isused for all BWPs configured on that UL carrier of the serving cell,which can be an information already conveyed by the UE 505 to the gNB.In one example, differential PHR is used only when the same orquasi-co-located pathloss reference (e.g., the same DL RS resource forpathloss estimation) is configured for all UL BWPs configured on that ULcarrier of the serving cell. In another example, the UE 505 issemi-statically configured whether to report absolute or differentialPHR for different active UL BWPs of an UL carrier of a serving cell.

In certain embodiments, when the UE 505 is configured to report multiplePHRs for different active UL BWPs of an UL carrier of a serving cell,the PH information included is in order from the PH for the lowestactive BWP index to PH for the highest active BWP index. For a BWPcorresponding to the lowest active BWP index, absolute PH is included.For other BWP, differential PH is included if the pathloss reference forthe BWP is same or QCL with a pathloss reference of BWP with smaller BWPindex (that that for the other BWP) for which PH is included, otherwisea full PH for the other BWP is included.

In certain embodiments, when the UE 505 is configured to report multiplePHRs for different active UL BWPs of an UL carrier of a serving cell,one or multiple BWP group(s) can be formed, so that each BWP groupcorrespond to the set of all configured UL BWPs that share the same orquasi-co-located pathloss reference and/or the same P_(CMAX),b,f,cvalue. According to this embodiment, to report multiple PHRs formultiple active UL BWPs, the UE 505 reports an absolute PHR for a firstBWP in each BWP group and reports differential PHR(s) for all otheractive UL BWP(s) in that BWP group. The first BWP in each BWP group maycorrespond to the BWP with the lowest BWP index.

In certain embodiments, the UE 505 uses PHR MAC CE format which isidentified by a MAC PDU subheader with a reserved Logical channel IDvalue. The PHR MAC CE may include a bitmap for each active serving cellwhich indicates in ascending order based on the BWP_index for which ofthe configured UL BWPs of a serving cell power headroom information isincluded.

In some embodiments, the configured maximum UE transmit power reportedwithin the PH info for an active bandwidth is a BWP-specific maximum UEtransmit power (P_(CMAX),b,f,c), such that various maximum powerreduction terms (e.g., MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR) in the P_(CMAX),b,f,c formulaare defined per UL BWP, as discussed above.

In certain embodiments, the configured maximum UE transmit power(P_(CMAX)) may be the same for each configured UL BWP of a UL carrier ofa serving cell. Here, P_(CMAX) is defined as the maximum UE transmitpower for the overall operation on an UL carrier of a serving cell,e.g., maximum power reduction terms such as MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR arecalculated for non-contiguous allocations of PRBs or resources/channels(e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH) across different active BWPs. In one embodiment,the UE 505 may only report one configured maximum UE transmit powervalue P_(CMAX),f,c per serving cell even though multiple power headroomlevels (PH_(c,b)) are reported, e.g., one for each active BWP, of the ULcarrier.

In certain embodiments, a combined PHR is calculated and/or reported fora serving cell having multiple active UL BWPs. In such embodiments, thecombined PHR may be calculated as the difference between the configuredUE maximum transmit power of a serving cell and the sum of the estimatedpowers for a UL (e.g., UL-SCH on PUSCH, PUCCH) transmission over allactive UL BWPs of that serving cell. Accordingly, the UE 505 may onlyreport one PH level and one associated P_(CMAX),f,c field (if reported)per serving cell, similar to the Carrier Aggregation scenario.

In various embodiments, the transmit power control (“TPC”) command thatis linked to the closed-loop index ‘l’ is applied to all active UL BWPsthat are associated with closed-loop index ‘l’. In certain embodiments,a group common TPC command received in a group common DCI (e.g., DCIformat 2_2, 2_3) on an active DL BWP includes a BWP index fieldindicating the UL BWP for which the group common TPC applies. The groupcommon TPC command may be associated with a closed-loop index ‘l’.

In certain embodiments, the BWP index field is not present in the groupcommon DCI, and the UL BWP for which the group common TPC applies hasthe same BWP index as the active DL BWP on which the group common DCI isreceived, e.g., in the case of TDD. In case there is an explicit linkingor implicit linking (e.g., UL BWP and DL BWP with the same BWP index arelinked) between a DL BWP and UL BWP, the UL BWP for which the groupcommon TPC applies can be determined based on the linking to the activeDL BWP on which the group common DCI is received.

In certain embodiments, in the case of group-common TPC operation, e.g.,in DCI format 2_2 and 2_3 in NR, the TPC index together with the CLprocess index ‘l’ and/or UL BWP index, is semi-statically configured forthe UE 505 to determine the location of TPC command in the DCI for theUE 505 and associated CL process index ‘l’ and/or UL BWP index.

In various embodiments, a PHR is triggered at the UE 505 when the numberof active UL BWPs for a serving cell is changed. In one example, the RANNode 510 may activate an additional BWP part in a serving cell, whichtriggers a PHR in response to the BWP activation.

In some embodiments, a PHR is triggered in the UE 505 whenphr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired and the path loss has changedmore than phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange [in dB] for at least one active ULBWP of a serving cell of any MAC entity which is used as a pathlossreference since the last transmission of a PHR in this MAC entity whenthe MAC entity has UL resources for new transmission.

In some embodiments, PHR triggering based on pathloss change is allowedonly for one or more certain UL BWPs (or corresponding pathlossreferences). According to this embodiment, a BWP-group calledallowedPHTriggeringGroup may be configured such that a PHR is triggeredonly for the UL BWP(s) belonging to this group (e.g., whendl-PathlossChange [in dB] or phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange is exceeded forone of the members). The allowedPHTriggeringGroup BWP-group may berelated to certain service/numerology/BWP.

In certain embodiments, the parameter dl-PathlossChange orphr-Tx-PowerFactorChange, which is used for PHR triggering conditionbased on pathloss change, may be configured differently for different ULBWPs. For example, the parameter dl-PathlossChange orphr-Tx-PowerFactorChange may be based on the correspondingservice/numerology associated with the UL BWP. In one embodiment, alarger dl-PathlossChange or phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange value can beconfigured for a BWP to prevent frequent PHR triggering for that BWP. Ina related embodiment, the dl-PathlossChange or phr-Tx-PowerFactorChangevalue for one or multiple UL BWP(s) can be set to a very large value(e.g., infinity), essentially disabling pathloss-based PHR triggeringfor that/those UL BWP(s).

FIG. 6 depicts a network architecture 600 for UE power control formultiple UL carriers, according to embodiments of the disclosure. Thenetwork architecture 600 includes a UE 605 and a RAN Node 610. The UE605 may be one embodiment of the remote unit 105, described above. TheRAN Node 610 (e.g., a gNB) may be one embodiment of the base unit 110,described above.

In the network architecture 600, the UE 605 is configured with a firstUL carrier 620 (i.e., UL Carrier-1) and a second UL carrier 630 (i.e.,UL Carrier-2). The UL carriers 620, 630 have multiple slots. Asdepicted, the first UL carrier 620 has a first slot (slot-0) 621, asecond slot (slot-1) 622, a third slot (slot-2) 623, and a fourth slot(slot-3) 624. Similarly, the second UL carrier 630 has a first slot(slot-0) 631, a second slot (slot-1) 632, a third slot (slot-2) 633, anda fourth slot (slot-3) 634.

The UE 605 reports a PHR for, e.g., slot-2. In various embodiments, theUE 605 reports a virtual PHR 640. Described below are various solutionsfor selecting which PC parameter set (e.g., associated with the first ULcarrier 620 or the second UL carrier 630) is to be used when calculatingthe virtual PHR 640. In the depicted example, the PC parameter set ofthe first carrier 620 is selected, however in other embodiments the PCparameter set of the second carrier 630 may be selected.

Note that the term “virtual” in connection with the terms “virtual powerheadroom” and “virtual PHR” refers to their non-standard character. The“virtual power headroom” is virtual in the sense that the power headroomdoes not reflect the difference between the maximum transmit power ofthe component carrier and a real uplink transmission performed on anon-scheduled uplink component carrier (i.e., the standard character ofa PH), but merely assumes a reference uplink transmission which actuallydoes not take place.

When the UE 605 is configured with two UL carriers for a serving cell(e.g., NUL/SUL operation) and the UE 605 determines a Type 1 powerheadroom report for the serving cell based on a reference PUSCHtransmission, then the UE 605 computes a Type 1 power headroom reportfor the serving cell assuming a reference PUSCH transmission on the ULcarrier, e.g., provided by parameter pusch-Config. If the UE 605 isprovided with pusch-Config for both UL carriers, then the UE 605computes a Type 1 power headroom report for the serving cell assuming areference PUSCH transmission on the UL carrier provided by parameterpucch-Config. However, if pucch-Config is not provided to the UE 605 forany of the two UL carriers, then the UE 605 computes a Type 1 powerheadroom report for the serving cell assuming a reference PUSCHtransmission on the normal, non-supplementary UL carrier.

In CA operation, PUSCH PHR can become virtual for a serving cell if thatcell is not scheduled with PUSCH at the time PHR is prepared. Sincemultiple PC parameter sets (e.g., open-loop, pathloss reference, andclosed-loop configurations) are possible for the UE power control, areference PC parameter set is necessary for virtual PUSCH PHR. Thereference PC parameter used for virtual PUSCH PHR can be semi-staticallyselected and configured by the network, or it can be a default/fixedsetting in the UE specification. In either case, since PC parameter setscan be configured per UL BWP and UL carrier, it is important for the RANNode 610 to configure/specify which UL carrier and which UL BWP theconfigured/default PC parameter set for virtual PUSCH PHR correspondsto.

Regarding the default setting, the following may be considered:

In certain embodiments, if PUSCH and PUCCH transmission for a servingcell are semi-statically configured to be the same UL carrier, then thedefault PC parameter set that is used for virtual PUSCH PHR is a PCparameter set corresponding that UL carrier.

In certain embodiments, if the PHR format in MAC CE allows only one PHRper serving cell, then the default PC parameter set that is used forvirtual PUSCH PHR may be the PC parameter set corresponding to the ULcarrier configured for PUCCH transmission. Note that the NUL/SUL carrierlocation of PUCCH may be semi-statically configured by higher layers. Incertain embodiments, the PC parameter set that is used for virtual PUSCHPHR is always a PC parameter set corresponding to the normal UL (NUL)carrier.

In certain embodiments, if the PHR format in MAC CE allows two PHR perserving cell, i.e., one for each NUL and SUL carrier of a serving cell,then for virtual PUSCH PHR the UE 605 uses default PC parameter set asfollows: one PC parameter set corresponding to the UL carrier, and onePC parameter set corresponding to the SUL carrier. Here, PUSCHtransmission may occur on either or both of the NUL and SUL carriers. Incase PUSCH transmission can only occur on one of the NUL or SUL carrier,then the default PC parameter set that is used for virtual PUSCH PHRcorresponds to the carrier configured with PUSCH. Similar behavior asdescribed above can also be applied for virtual PUCCH PHR or virtual SRSPHR to determine the default PC parameter set.

In various embodiments, the default PC parameter set that is used forvirtual PUSCH PHR is based on the UL BWP. In a first example, forvirtual PUSCH PHR the UE 605 uses a PC parameter set corresponding tothe initial UL BWP within the UL carrier of the serving cell. Forexample, the initial UL BWP may be the UL BWP configured for therandom-access procedure.

In a second example, for virtual PUSCH PHR the UE 605 uses a PCparameter set corresponding to a default UL BWP within the UL carrier ofthe serving cell. Note that the default BWP is either the initial UL BWPor another semi-statically configured UL BWP. Here, the default UL BWPrefers to an UL BWP linked to a default DL BWP, where the UE 605switches to the default DL BWP upon expiration of the BWP inactivitytimer in a given active DL BWP. In certain embodiments, there may be anexplicit linking or implicit linking (e.g., UL BWP and DL BWP with thesame BWP index are linked) between a DL BWP and UL BWP.

In a third example, for virtual PUSCH PHR the UE 605 uses a PC parameterset corresponding to the most recent active UL BWP. This option isbeneficial since it is based on previous actual transmission, but it isproblematic in the case of a missed grant, which can cause confusionbetween the RAN Node 610 and the UE 605 regarding which UL BWP has beenthe most recent active UL BWP.

In a fourth example, for virtual PUSCH PHR the UE 605 uses a PCparameter set corresponding to BWP within the UL carrier of a servingcell with a predefined bandwidth part index (“BWP_index”), e.g., a BWPwith BWP_index=0.

In a fifth example, for virtual PUSCH PHR the UE 605 uses a PC parameterset corresponding to the configured UL BWP associated with the smallestnumerology (e.g., smallest subcarrier spacing). If multiple UL BWPs areconfigured with the smallest numerology, then the UE 605 may select theUL BWP with the smallest BWP_index.

In a sixth example, for virtual PUSCH PHR the UE 605 uses a PC parameterset corresponding to the configured UL BWP associated with a defaultconfigured MCS/CQI table and/or configured target-BLER (e.g., that/thosefor URLLC). If multiple UL BWPs are associated with the defaultconfigured MCS/CQI table and/or configured target-BLER, then the UE 605selects the one with smallest BWP_index.

In various embodiments, regardless of whether the PUSCH Msg3 istransmitted for initial access or other purposes (such as radio linkre-establishment after RLF, handover, UL synchronization, SRtransmission), the DL RS for pathloss estimation follows the SS/PBCHblock identified by the UE 605 during the current random accessprocedure, e.g., the SSB used for transmission of Msg1 on PRACH. Notethat the SS/PBCH block identified by the UE 605 during the currentrandom access procedure can be quite different from the SS/PBCH blockidentified by the UE 605 during the initial random access procedure.

Furthermore, as long as the UE 605 has not received dedicated RRCconfiguration for pathloss estimation for PUSCH/PUCCH, then the UE 605is to continue to use SS/PBCH block identified by the UE 605 during themost recent random access procedure as the DL RS for pathloss estimationfor PUSCH/PUCCH. In one example, for all PUCCH transmissions withoutexplicit beam indication (e.g., with default/fallback spatial relation),the CL-PC index is to be fixed to l=0. Here, for PUCCH without highlayer parameter PUCCH-Spatial-relation-info, the closed loop index lshould also be set to a fixed value, i.e., l=0.

In one embodiment, for PUSCH Msg3 for a UE in RRC_CONNECTED state, ifthe UE 605 is configured with more than one closed-loop process forPUSCH, the CL-PC index is to be fixed to l=0. Here, for PUSCH Msg3 andthe UE 605 in RRC_CONNECTED state, the CL-PC index may be fixed to l=0if the UE 605 is not configured with twoPUSCH-PC-AdjustmentStates or ifthe PUSCH transmission is scheduled by a RAR UL grant.

In one embodiment, for the reset of PUSCH/PUCCH closed-loopaccumulation, in the case that more than one closed-loop process isconfigured for PUSCH/PUCCH, if the closed-loop process is reset uponreceiving a random access response (“RAR”) message, then the CLaccumulation of process l=0 is to be reset. Here, if the UE 605 receivesa RAR message in response to a PRACH transmission on active UL BWP b ofcarrier f of serving cell c, then the CL accumulation of process l=0 isto be reset.

Moreover, combination of the above may be used for PC and PHR relatedconfiguration and operation methods for BWP and SUL operation.

FIG. 7 depicts a user equipment apparatus 700 that may be used for UEpower control for multiple UL carriers, according to embodiments of thedisclosure. The user equipment apparatus 700 may be one embodiment ofthe remote unit 105, described above. Furthermore, the user equipmentapparatus 700 may include a processor 705, a memory 710, an input device715, an output device 720, a transceiver 725 for communicating with oneor more base units 110.

As depicted, the transceiver 725 may include a transmitter 730 and areceiver 735. The transceiver 725 may also support one or more networkinterfaces 740, such as the Uu interface used to communicate with a gNB,or another suitable interface for communicating with the RAN 120. Invarious embodiments, the transceiver 725 receives configuration of aplurality of uplink carriers for a serving cell. In some embodiments,the transceiver 725 receives configuration of a first number of uplinkcarriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, the first number of uplinkcarriers corresponding to a first number of configured and active uplinkbandwidth parts of a first uplink carrier of the serving cell.

In some embodiments, the input device 715 and the output device 720 arecombined into a single device, such as a touchscreen. In certainembodiments, the user equipment apparatus 700 may not include any inputdevice 715 and/or output device 720.

The processor 705, in one embodiment, may include any known controllercapable of executing computer-readable instructions and/or capable ofperforming logical operations. For example, the processor 705 may be amicrocontroller, a microprocessor, a central processing unit (“CPU”), agraphics processing unit (“GPU”), an auxiliary processing unit, a fieldprogrammable gate array (“FPGA”), or similar programmable controller. Insome embodiments, the processor 705 executes instructions stored in thememory 710 to perform the methods and routines described herein. Theprocessor 705 is communicatively coupled to the memory 710, the inputdevice 715, the output device 720, and the transceiver 725.

In various embodiments, the processor 705 calculates a total transmitpower for UL transmissions on the plurality of UL carriers, the ULtransmissions overlapping in time. The processor 705 may furtherdetermine a configured maximum output power and identifies a lowerpriority UL carrier of the plurality of UL carriers according to apriority rule in response to the UL transmissions having the samepriority level. In response to the total transmit power exceeding theconfigured maximum output power in any part of the overlapping ULtransmissions, the processor 705 calculates a reduced transmission powerfor the lower priority UL carrier in response.

The transceiver 725 performs UL transmission using the reducedtransmission power. Specifically, the processor 705 may reduce thetransmission power by applying a power down-scaling factor to the lowerpriority UL carrier and/or dropping an UL transmission of the lowerpriority UL carrier. Thus, in certain embodiments, performing ULtransmission using the reduced transmission power includes droppingtransmission for the lower priority UL carrier. In certain embodiments,the processor 705 reduces the transmission power by applying a samepower down-scaling factor to UL carriers that are associated with thesame priority level.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 identifies the lower priority ULcarrier by determining whether a PUCCH is configured for any of theplurality of UL carriers and prioritizing power allocation for an ULcarrier configured with PUCCH over an UL carrier not configured withPUCCH.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 identifies the lower priority ULcarrier by one or more of: identifying a numerology of each of theplurality of UL carriers, identifying a service type or traffic typeassociated with each of the plurality of UL carriers, identifying—foreach of the plurality of UL carriers—one or more of: a modulation andcoding scheme table, a channel quality indicator table, and a targetreliability requirement, and identifying an index associated with eachof the plurality of UL carriers.

In some embodiments, the plurality of UL carriers includes a SUL carrierand a NUL carrier. Here, the processor 705 may identify the lowerpriority UL carrier by prioritizing power allocation for the NUL carrierover the SUL carrier. As noted above, receiving the configuration of theplurality of UL carriers for a serving cell may include receivingconfiguration of a first number of uplink carriers of the plurality ofuplink carriers, the first number of uplink carriers corresponding to afirst number of configured and active uplink bandwidth parts of a firstUL carrier of the serving cell.

In some embodiments, the transceiver 725 receives a configuration of afirst number of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, thefirst number of uplink carriers corresponding to a first number ofactive bandwidth parts of the serving cell, and the processor 705identifies the lower priority uplink carrier by identifying a lowerpriority active uplink BWP from the first number of active uplinkbandwidth parts according to one or more of: identifying a numerology ofeach of the first number of active uplink bandwidth parts; identifying aservice type or traffic type associated with each of the first number ofactive uplink bandwidth parts; identifying—for each of the first numberof active uplink bandwidth parts—one or more of: a modulation and codingscheme table, a channel quality indicator table, and a targetreliability requirement; and identifying an index associated with eachof the first number of active uplink bandwidth parts.

In various embodiments, the processor 705 calculates a PH for each ULcarrier of the plurality of UL carriers on the serving cell. Theprocessor 705 may then control the transceiver 725 to transmit a PHRbased on the calculated PH for the plurality of UL carriers of theserving cell.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 determines a configured maximumoutput power for the UL carrier from the plurality of UL carriers of theserving cell. In such embodiments, the PH for an UL carrier from theplurality of UL carriers on the serving cell indicates a differencebetween the configured maximum output power for the UL carrier and adetermined transmit power required for an UL transmission on the ULcarrier.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 determines a default powercontrol parameter set for the serving cell. In such embodiments, the PHRmay include a single PH. In one embodiment, the PHR also includes acorresponding configured maximum output power. Further, the processor705 may calculate the PH by calculating a virtual PH in response to noUL transmission being present in a reporting period on any UL carrierfrom the plurality of UL carriers of the serving cell at a time when thePHR is prepared. Here, the virtual PH may be based on the default powercontrol parameter set.

In certain embodiments, the default parameter control parameter setincludes one or more of: an open-loop parameter set (or set index), aclosed-loop process (or process index), and a pathloss RS (or RS index).In certain embodiments, the default power control parameter setcorresponds to an UL carrier on which PUCCH is semi-staticallyconfigured.

In some embodiments, only a first UL carrier of the plurality of ULcarriers is semi-statically configured for PUSCH, wherein the defaultpower control parameter set corresponds to the first UL carrier. In someembodiments, the default power control parameter set corresponds to anUL carrier with CIF index zero. In some embodiments, the plurality of ULcarriers includes a SUL carrier and a NUL carrier, wherein the defaultpower control parameter set corresponds to the NUL carrier.

In various embodiments, the PHR corresponds to one or more of: a PUSCHPHR, a PUCCH PHR, and an SRS PHR.

In some embodiments, the transceiver 725 receives configuration of afirst number of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, thefirst number of uplink carriers corresponds to a first number ofconfigured and active uplink bandwidth parts of the serving cell. Insuch embodiments, the processor 705 may determine a default powercontrol parameter set for the serving cell. Here, the PHR comprises asingle PH. Moreover, the processor 705 may calculate the PH bycalculating a virtual PH in response to no UL transmission on any activeBWP from the first number of active uplink bandwidth parts of theserving cell at a time when the PHR is prepared, wherein the virtual PHis based on the default power control parameter set.

In certain embodiments, the default power control parameter setcorresponds to one of: the active UL BWP, an initial UL BWP, and adefault UL BWP, wherein the default UL BWP is an UL BWP linked to adefault DL BWP. In certain embodiments, the default power controlparameter set corresponds to one of: a UL BWP having a smallest BWPindex, an UL BWP having a smallest numerology, an UL BWP associated witha service type or traffic type, and an UL BWP associated with amodulation and coding scheme table, an UL BWP associated with a channelquality indicator table, an UL BWP associated with a target reliabilityrequirement, or combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the PHR comprises a plurality of PH fields, whereina PH field comprises one or more of a PH, a configured maximum outputpower, and an UL BWP index. In certain embodiments, the configuredmaximum output power for the UL BWP may be determined based on powerreduction factors, wherein power reduction factors for a first UL BWPare different from power reduction factors for a second UL BWP, whereinthe first UL BWP and the second UL BWP are different.

In certain embodiments, the configured maximum output power for the ULBWP may be determined based on power reduction factors, wherein powerreduction factors for a first UL BWP are the same as power reductionfactors for a second UL BWP, wherein the first UL BWP and the second ULBWP are different. In certain embodiments, the configured maximum outputpower for the UL BWP may be determined based on a maximum allowed UEoutput power (“P_(EMAX)”), wherein a first UL BWP has a first P_(EMAX)and a second UL BWP has a second P_(EMAX), wherein the first P_(EMAX) isa different value than the second P_(EMAX) and the first UL BWP and thesecond UL BWP are different.

In certain embodiments, the PHR comprises a first PH for a first activeUL BWP and a second PH for a second active UL BWP, in response to thefirst active UL BWP and the second active UL BWP having differentconfigured maximum output power, wherein the first active UL BWP isdifferent from the second active UL BWP.

In certain embodiments, the PHR comprises a first PH for a first activeUL BWP and a second PH for a second active UL BWP, in response to thefirst active UL BWP and the second active UL BWP being associated withone or more of: different configured maximum output power, differentpathloss references, and non-Quasi Co-Located pathloss references,wherein the first active UL BWP is different from the second active ULBWP.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 calculates a differential PH, thedifferential PH being a difference between a PH for a second active ULBWP and a PH for a first active UL BWP, wherein the first active UL BWPis different from the second active UL BWP. In such embodiments, the PHRmay include the PH for the first active UL BWP and the differential PHfor the second active UL BWP, in response to the first active UL BWP andthe second active UL BWP having one of: the same configured maximumoutput power, the same pathloss references, and quasi-co-locatedpathloss references.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a PH for a first active UL BWPand a second active UL BWP in response to the first active UL BWP andthe second active UL BWP having the same configured maximum outputpower, the same pathloss references, or quasi-co-located pathlossreferences. Here, the first active UL BWP is different from the secondactive UL BWP. In such embodiments, the PH is calculated with respect tothe first UL BWP.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a PH for a first active UL BWPand a second active UL BWP. Here, the PH may be calculated as adifference between the configured UE maximum transmit power of a servingcell and a sum of transmit powers for uplink transmissions on the firstactive UL BWP and the second UL BWP. In such embodiments, the transmitpowers for uplink transmissions may include a first transmit power withrespect to a first uplink transmission on the first active UL BWP and asecond transmit power with respect to a second uplink transmission onthe second active UL BWP.

In some embodiments, the transceiver 725 receives a configuration for apower headroom BWP-group. In one embodiment, receiving the configurationfor PH BWP-group includes receiving an ‘allowedPHTriggeringGroup’parameter. Here, the processor 705 detects that a MAC entity has ULresources for new transmission and determines whether a PHR backofftimer is expired (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer).

In such embodiments, the processor 705 may trigger a PHR in response toexpiration of the PHR backoff timer and in response to a path losshaving changed more than a threshold amount for at least one active BWPbelonging to the PH BWP-group of a serving cell (e.g., of any MAC entitywhich is used as a pathloss reference) since a last transmission of aPHR in the MAC entity. In certain embodiments, the threshold amount isindicated by the parameter ‘phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange.’

In some embodiments, the transceiver 725 receives a BWP-specificconfiguration for a pathloss-change-threshold parameter (e.g.,‘dl-PathlossChange’ parameter). Here, the processor 705 detects that aMAC entity has UL resources for new transmission and determines whethera PHR backoff timer is expired (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer).

In such embodiments, the processor 705 may trigger a PHR in response toexpiration of the PHR backoff timer and in response to a path losshaving changed more than a threshold amount for at least one active ULBWP of a serving cell (e.g., of any MAC entity which is used as apathloss reference) since a last transmission of a PHR in the MACentity. Here the threshold amount is configured for the at least oneactive UL BWP. In certain embodiments, the threshold amount is indicatedby the parameter ‘dl-PathlossChange.’ In other embodiments, thethreshold amount may be indicated by the parameter‘phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange.’

In some embodiments, the processor 705 communicates on a first active ULBWP in a serving cell configured with a plurality of UL BWPs and theprocessor 705 switches from the first active UL BWP to a second activeUL BWP. Here, the first active UL BWP and second active UL BWP share aCL-PC process. Moreover, the processor 705 selectively resetting theCL-PC process in response to switching BWPs.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesresetting the CL-PC process in response to a frequency distance betweenthe first BWP and the second BWP being larger than a threshold value andcarrying-over the CL-PC process in response to the frequency distancenot being larger than the threshold value.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesdetermining a pathloss reference for the first and second BWPs. Theprocessor 705 carries-over the CL-PC process in response to the pathlossreferences being the same values or having a quasi-co-locationrelationship for the first and second BWPs and resets the CL-PC processin response to the pathloss references not being the same values and nothaving a quasi-co-location relationship for the first and second BWPs.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesdetermining a set of quality parameters for the first and second BWPs,the set of quality parameters including: a set of open-loop powercontrol parameters, a (e.g., configured) modulation and coding schemetable, a (e.g., configured) channel quality indicator table, a (e.g.,configured) target reliability requirement, an associated service typeor traffic type, and an associated numerology. Here, the processor 705resets the CL-PC process in response to the set of quality parametersnot being the same values for the first and second BWPs.

In various embodiments, the processor 705 controls the transceiver 725to perform a random-access procedure. Here, performing the random-accessprocedure includes transmitting a PUSCH Msg3. The PUSCH Msg3 may be athird message of the random-access procedure. The processor 705determines whether the user equipment apparatus 700 is in RRC_CONNECTEDstate and identifies a number of configured CL-PC process for an ULchannel or signal. The processor 705 calculates the transmit power forthe PUSCH Msg3 using a CL-PC process with index zero in response to theuser equipment apparatus 700 being in RRC_CONNECTED state and the numberof configured CL-PC processes for the UL channel or signal being morethan one.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 determines whether a PUCCHtransmission lacks an explicit beam indication and calculates thetransmit power for the PUSCH Msg3 using a CL-PC process with index zeroin response to the PUCCH transmission lacking an explicit beamindication. In some embodiments, the transceiver 725 receives a RAR whenperforming the random-access procedure and the processor 705 resets aCL-PC accumulation for a CL-PC process with index zero in response toreceiving the RAR. In various embodiments, the PUSCH Msg3 is sent inresponse to receiving a RAR (also referred to as Msg2) during therandom-access procedure.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 determines power controlparameters based on one or a plurality of active uplink bandwidth parts(UL BWPs) of an UL carrier f of a serving cell c. The processor 705 alsodetermines a configured maximum output power for the active UL BWPs ofUL carrier f of serving cell c and determines at least one transmitpower value based on the power control parameters and the configuredmaximum output power. In various embodiments, the processor 705 controlsthe transceiver 725 to perform uplink transmission on one or a pluralityof active UL BWPs using the determined transmit power value(s).

In certain embodiments, the configured maximum output powerP_(CMAX),b,f,c on UL BWP b of UL carrier f of serving cell c isdependent upon power reduction terms (including MPR, A-MPR, P-MPR,ΔT_(C)) that depend upon the UL BWP. In certain embodiments, configuredmaximum output power P_(CMAX),f,c on UL BWP b of UL carrier f of servingcell c is dependent upon power reduction terms (including MPR, A-MPR,P-MPR, ΔT_(C)) that are calculated across all configured UL BWPs of theUL carrier f of the serving cell.

In certain embodiments, the configured maximum output powerP_(CMAX),b,f,c on UL BWP b of UL carrier f of serving cell c isdependent upon a maximum allowed UE output power (P_(EMAX)) that isconfigured per UL BWP, that is, P_(EMAX),b,f,c.

In some embodiments, the power control parameters include one or more ofopen-loop parameters (such as Po, α) (indicated by the index j), TPCclosed-loop process index (l), pathloss reference signal (“RS”) index(q). In such embodiments, the number of distinct pathloss RSs that theUE maintains may be dependent upon at least one of: the number ofconfigured UL BWPs, the frequency band of the configured UL BWPs, andthe number of active UL BWPs. Moreover, the number of distinct TPCclosed loop processes that the UE maintains may depend upon at least oneof: the number of configured UL BWPs, the numerology associated with theconfigured UL BWPs, and the number of active UL BWPs.

In various embodiments, a TPC closed-loop process is shared amongmultiple configured UL BWPs. In such embodiments, the processor 705 mayfurther compare the frequency location and the distance/separationbetween a first UL BWP and a second UL BWP, compare the open-loop powercontrol parameters (P0 and alpha) associated with the first UL BWP andthe second UL BWP, compare the spatial quasi-co-location (QCL)relationship between pathloss reference signals associated with thefirst UL BWP and the second UL BWP, compare the numerology (subcarrierspacing in OFDM operation) and service (traffic type) associated withthe first UL BWP and the second UL BWP, compare the configured MCS tableand/or CQI table and/or target reliability (indicated by BLERrequirement) associated with the first UL BWP and the second UL BWP, anddetermine, based upon at least one of these comparisons, whether toreset or carryover the accumulated TPC closed-loop process that isshared the first UL BWP and the second UL BWP when the active UL BWPswitches from the first UL BWP to the second UL BWP.

In some embodiments, the processor 705 calculates the total transmitpower across of all uplink transmission on all active UL BPWs of alluplink carriers of all active serving cells that overlap in time anddetermines a power down-scaling factor or deciding upon droppingtransmission according to a priority rule if the total transmit power inany part of the overlapping transmissions exceed the configured maximumoutput power. Here, the priority rule for power scaling and transmissiondropping, when the signals/channels across different active UL BWPs havethe same priority level, is dependent upon at least one of: thenumerology (subcarrier spacing in OFDM operation) and service (traffictype) associated with the active BWPs, the configured MCS table and/orCQI table and/or target reliability (indicated by BLER requirement)associated with the active UL BWPs.

Moreover, the same power scaling may be applied to a set of overlappinguplink transmissions on a set of active UL BWPs that are associated withthe same numerology, service, and configured MCS/CQI table and targetreliability, and contain signals/channels of the same priority level,except perhaps for some uplink transmissions in the set that aredropped. Here, the priority rule for power scaling and transmissiondropping, when the signals/channels across a first UL carrier and asecond UL carrier have the same priority level, is such that the ULcarrier on which PUCCH is semi-statically configured has higher prioritythat the other UL carrier

In various embodiments, the processor 705 reports a Power HeadroomReport (PHR) for the UL transmissions on the active UL BWPs of a servingcell. Here, the PHR may include a PH (difference between the configuredmaximum output power and the determined transmit power required for theUL transmission) and the configured maximum output power [P_(CMAX),b,f,c(i)] for the active UL BWPs. In one such embodiment, a separate PHR mayreported for each active UL BWP. In another such embodiment, a PHR maynot be reported for a second active UL BWP which is associated with thesame pathloss RS or a spatially-QCL pathloss RS that a first UL BWP isalso associated with, and a PHR is reported for the first active BWP.

Moreover, the processor 705 may report an absolute PH for a first activeUL BWP and reporting differential PH for a second active UL BWP(s), theabsolute PH being is the difference between the configured maximumoutput power and the determined transmit power required for the firstactive UL BWP transmission and the differential PH is the differencebetween the PH for the second active UL BWP and the PH for the first ULBWP. Here, reporting the differential PHR may be enabled and disabled bythe network entity based on higher layer signaling or signaling receivedin a DCI.

Still further, the processor 705 may form a BWP group as a set of activeUL BWPs and report an absolute PH for a first active UL BWP in the BWPgroup and differential PH for all other active UL BWP(s) in the BWPgroup. In such embodiments, a BWP group may be the entire set, or astrict subset of all active UL BWPs on a serving cell. In furtherembodiments, a BWP group may be a set of all active UL BWPs that sharethe same configured maximum output power [P_(CMAX),b,f,c], or a set ofall active UL BWPs that share the same pathloss RS or different butspatially-QCL pathloss RSs

In various of the above embodiments, the processor 705 may determine adefault power control parameter set for a serving cell, calculate (andreport) a PHR when no UL transmission is present on the serving cell(e.g., report a virtual PHR). In various embodiments, the default powercontrol parameter set may correspond to: an initial UL BWP which isconfigured for random access procedure; a default UL BWP which is linkedto the default DL BWP; a most recent active UL BWP; an UL BWP withBWP-index equal to 0; an UL BWP with the smallest BWP-index that isassociated with the smallest numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing inOFDM operation); an UL BWP with the smallest BWP-index that isassociated with a default configured MCS/CSI table and/or targetreliability requirement; a UL carrier on which PUCCH is semi-staticallyconfigured; or an UL carrier with CIF (Carrier Indicator Field) indexzero.

In some embodiments, the user equipment apparatus 700 is configured withat least one uplink bandwidth part for a serving cell. In suchembodiments, the processor 705 may report power headroom information bydetermining at the mobile terminal power headroom information for eachof the at least one configured and active uplink bandwidth part. Here,the power headroom information may include a power headroom level for anuplink bandwidth part and a configured maximum transmit power used forthe calculation of the power headroom level, including the powerheadroom information for each of the configured and active uplinkbandwidth part of a serving cell. The processor 705 prepares the powerheadroom information within a signaling message and controls thetransceiver 725 to transmit the signaling message to a network node.

In certain embodiments, the signaling message is transmitted usingMedium Access Control (“MAC”) control signaling. In further embodiments,the power headroom information includes a bitmap indicating which of theconfigured uplink bandwidth parts of a serving cell power headroominformation is included. In certain embodiments, the configured maximumUE transmit power for an uplink bandwidth part of a serving cell isdetermined by considering power reduction factors which are defined foran uplink bandwidth part.

In some embodiments, the power headroom information includes a powerheadroom level and a configured maximum transmit power used for thecalculation of the power headroom level. In such embodiments, theprocessor 705 may include the power headroom information for each of theconfigured and active uplink bandwidth part of a serving cell in asignaling message and transmit the control signaling message to anetwork node. In certain embodiments, the power headroom level for aserving cell is calculated as the difference between the configured UEmaximum transmit power of a serving cell and the sum of the estimatedpowers for uplink transmissions on the at least one configured uplinkbandwidth part of that serving cell.

In various embodiments, the processor 705 receives a configuration(e.g., allowedPHTriggeringGroup) for a BWP-group and triggers PHR ifphr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired and if the path loss haschanged more than a threshold amount (e.g., indicated by parameterphr-Tx-PowerFactorChange) for at least one active BWP belonging to the(allowedPHTriggeringGroup) BWP-group of a serving cell of any MAC entitywhich is used as a pathloss reference since the last transmission of aPHR in this MAC entity when the MAC entity has UL resources for newtransmission.

In various embodiments, the processor 705 receives a configuration for apathloss-change-threshold parameter (e.g., dl-PathlossChange and/or) andtriggers PHR if phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired and the pathloss has changed more than a threshold among (e.g., indicated by theparameter dl-PathlossChange or the parameter phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange)for at least one active UL BWP of a serving cell of any MAC entity whichis used as a pathloss reference since the last transmission of a PHR inthis MAC entity when the MAC entity has UL resources for newtransmission. Here, the threshold amount (e.g., dl-PathlossChange and/orphr-Tx-PowerFactorChange) is configured for the at least one UL BWP.

In various embodiments, the processor 705 receives a UE-specificconfiguration of one or a plurality of MCS table(s) and/or CQI table(s)and/or target reliability requirement(s). In such embodiments, theprocessor 705 performs a first uplink transmission corresponding to: asignal/channel, a first MCS table and/or CQI table and/or targetreliability requirement, a first transmit power associated with apathless reference and a closed-loop process index. Moreover, theprocessor 705 may receive an indication for a second MCS table and/orCQI table and/or target reliability requirement, different from thefirst MCS table and/or CQI table and/or target reliability requirementand reset the closed-loop process associated with that that closed-loopprocess index. Additionally, the processor 705 may control thetransceiver 725 to perform a second uplink transmission correspondingto: the same signal/channel, the second MCS table and/or CQI tableand/or target reliability requirement, a second transmit powerassociated with the same pathless reference and the same closed-loopprocess index.

In certain embodiments, the indication for MCS table(s) and/or CQItable(s) and/or target reliability requirement can be received via ULgrant DCI for grant-based PUSCH, via RRC signaling or corresponding DLassignment DCI for PUCCH, and via RRC signaling for configured-grantbased PUSCH.

The memory 710, in one embodiment, is a computer readable storagemedium. In some embodiments, the memory 710 includes volatile computerstorage media. For example, the memory 710 may include a RAM, includingdynamic RAM (“DRAM”), synchronous dynamic RAM (“SDRAM”), and/or staticRAM (“SRAM”). In some embodiments, the memory 710 includes non-volatilecomputer storage media. For example, the memory 710 may include a harddisk drive, a flash memory, or any other suitable non-volatile computerstorage device. In some embodiments, the memory 710 includes bothvolatile and non-volatile computer storage media.

In some embodiments, the memory 710 stores data related to UE powercontrol for multiple UL carriers. For example, the memory 710 may storeindices, power control parameters, power headroom, configuration andactivation/deactivation status for serving cells and/or BWPs, and thelike. In certain embodiments, the memory 710 also stores program codeand related data, such as an operating system or other controlleralgorithms operating on the remote unit 105.

The input device 715, in one embodiment, may include any known computerinput device including a touch panel, a button, a keyboard, a stylus, amicrophone, or the like. In some embodiments, the input device 715 maybe integrated with the output device 720, for example, as a touchscreenor similar touch-sensitive display. In some embodiments, the inputdevice 715 includes a touchscreen such that text may be input using avirtual keyboard displayed on the touchscreen and/or by handwriting onthe touchscreen. In some embodiments, the input device 715 includes twoor more different devices, such as a keyboard and a touch panel.

The output device 720, in one embodiment, is designed to output visual,audible, and/or haptic signals. In some embodiments, the output device720 includes an electronically controllable display or display devicecapable of outputting visual data to a user. For example, the outputdevice 720 may include, but is not limited to, an LCD display, an LEDdisplay, an OLED display, a projector, or similar display device capableof outputting images, text, or the like to a user. As another,non-limiting, example, the output device 720 may include a wearabledisplay separate from, but communicatively coupled to, the rest of theuser equipment apparatus 700, such as a smart watch, smart glasses, aheads-up display, or the like. Further, the output device 720 may be acomponent of a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a television,a table computer, a notebook (laptop) computer, a personal computer, avehicle dashboard, or the like.

In certain embodiments, the output device 720 includes one or morespeakers for producing sound. For example, the output device 720 mayproduce an audible alert or notification (e.g., a beep or chime). Insome embodiments, the output device 720 includes one or more hapticdevices for producing vibrations, motion, or other haptic feedback. Insome embodiments, all or portions of the output device 720 may beintegrated with the input device 715. For example, the input device 715and output device 720 may form a touchscreen or similar touch-sensitivedisplay. In other embodiments, the output device 720 may be located nearthe input device 715.

The transceiver 725 includes at least transmitter 730 and at least onereceiver 735. One or more transmitters 730 may be used to provide ULcommunication signals to a base unit 110. Similarly, one or morereceivers 735 may be used to receive DL communication signals from thebase unit 110, as described herein. Although only one transmitter 730and one receiver 735 are illustrated, the user equipment apparatus 700may have any suitable number of transmitters 730 and receivers 735.Further, the transmitter(s) 730 and the receiver(s) 735 may be anysuitable type of transmitters and receivers. In one embodiment, thetransceiver 725 includes a first transmitter/receiver pair used tocommunicate with a mobile communication network over licensed radiospectrum and a second transmitter/receiver pair used to communicate witha mobile communication network over unlicensed radio spectrum.

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating one embodiment ofa method 800 for UE power control for multiple UL carriers, according toembodiments of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the method 800 isperformed by a UE, such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405,the UE 505, the UE 605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. Incertain embodiments, the method 800 may be performed by a processorexecuting program code, for example, a microcontroller, amicroprocessor, a CPU, a GPU, an auxiliary processing unit, a FPGA, orthe like.

The method 800 begins and receives 805 a configuration of a plurality ofuplink carriers for a serving cell. The method 800 includes calculating810 a total transmit power for uplink transmissions on the plurality ofuplink carriers, the uplink transmissions overlapping in time.

The method 800 includes determining 815 a configured maximum outputpower. The method 800 includes identifying 820 a lower priority uplinkcarrier of the plurality of uplink carriers according to a priority rulein response to the uplink transmissions having the same priority level.

The method 800 includes reducing 825 transmission power for the lowerpriority uplink carrier in response to the total transmit powerexceeding the configured maximum output power in any part of theoverlapping uplink transmissions. The method 800 includes performing 830uplink transmission using the reduced transmission power. The method 800ends.

FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating one embodiment ofa method 900 for UE power control for multiple UL carriers, according toembodiments of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the method 900 isperformed by a UE, such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405,the UE 505, the UE 605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. Incertain embodiments, the method 900 may be performed by a processorexecuting program code, for example, a microcontroller, amicroprocessor, a CPU, a GPU, an auxiliary processing unit, a FPGA, orthe like.

The method 900 begins and receives 905 a configuration of a plurality ofuplink carriers for a serving cell. The method 900 includes calculating910 a power headroom (“PH”) for each uplink carrier of the plurality ofuplink carriers on the serving cell. The method 900 includestransmitting 915 a Power Headroom Report (“PHR”) based on the calculatedPH for the plurality of uplink carriers of the serving cell. The method900 ends.

FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating one embodiment ofa method 1000 for UE power control for multiple UL carriers, accordingto embodiments of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the method 1000is performed by a UE, such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE405, the UE 505, the UE 605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. Incertain embodiments, the method 1000 may be performed by a processorexecuting program code, for example, a microcontroller, amicroprocessor, a CPU, a GPU, an auxiliary processing unit, a FPGA, orthe like.

The method 1000 begins and performs 1005 a random-access procedure,wherein performing the random-access procedure includes transmitting aphysical uplink shared channel (“PUSCH”) Msg3. The method 1000 includesdetermining 1010 whether the UE is in RRC_CONNECTED state. The method1000 includes identifying 1015 a number of configured closed-loop powercontrol (“CL-PC”) process for an uplink (“UL”) channel or signal.

The method includes calculating 1020 a transmit power for the PUSCH Msg3using a CL-PC process with index zero in response to the UE being inRRC_CONNECTED state and the number of configured CL-PC processes for theUL channel or signal being more than one. The method 1000 ends.

Disclosed herein is a first apparatus for UE power control for multipleUL carriers. In various embodiments, the first apparatus may be a UE,such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, the UE605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. The first apparatusincludes a transceiver that receives a configuration of a plurality ofuplink carriers for a serving cell. The first apparatus includes aprocessor that calculates the total transmit power for uplinktransmissions on the plurality of uplink carriers, the uplinktransmissions overlapping in time. The processor determines a configuredmaximum output power and identifies a lower priority uplink carrier ofthe plurality of uplink carriers according to a priority rule inresponse to the uplink transmissions having the same priority level. Theprocessor calculates a reduced transmission power for the lower priorityuplink carrier in response to the total transmit power exceeding theconfigured maximum output power in any part of the overlapping uplinktransmissions. The transceiver performs uplink transmission using thereduced transmission power.

In various embodiments, reducing transmission power includes at leastone of: applying a power down-scaling factor to the lower priorityuplink carrier and dropping an uplink transmission of the lower priorityuplink carrier. In some embodiments, reducing transmission powerincludes applying a same power down-scaling factor to uplink carriersthat are associated with the same priority level.

In some embodiments, identifying the lower priority uplink carrier ofthe plurality of uplink carriers according to a priority rule includesthe processor determining whether a PUCCH is configured for any of theplurality of uplink carriers and prioritizing power allocation for anuplink carrier configured with PUCCH over an uplink carrier notconfigured with PUCCH.

In some embodiments, the plurality of uplink carriers includes a SULcarrier and a NUL carrier. In such embodiments, identifying the lowerpriority uplink carrier of the plurality of uplink carriers according toa priority rule may include the processor prioritizing power allocationfor the NUL carrier over the SUL carrier. In certain embodiments, theSUL carrier and the NUL carrier are not configured with PUCCH.

In various embodiments, identifying the lower priority uplink carrier ofthe plurality of uplink carriers according to a priority rule includesidentifying a numerology of each of the plurality of uplink carriers,identifying a service type or traffic type associated with each of theplurality of uplink carriers, identifying—for each of the plurality ofuplink carriers—one or more of: a modulation and coding scheme table, achannel quality indicator table, and a target reliability requirement,and identifying an index associated with each of the plurality of uplinkcarriers.

In some embodiments, the transceiver receives configuration of a firstnumber of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, the firstnumber of uplink carriers corresponding to a first number of configuredand active uplink bandwidth parts of the serving cell. In suchembodiments, reducing transmission power may include applying a samepower down-scaling factor to active uplink bandwidth parts that areassociated with the same priority level.

In some embodiments, the transceiver receives a configuration of a firstnumber of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, the firstnumber of uplink carriers corresponding to a first number of activebandwidth parts of the serving cell, and the processor identifies thelower priority uplink carrier by identifying a lower priority activeuplink BWP from the first number of active uplink bandwidth partsaccording to one or more of: identifying a numerology of each of thefirst number of active uplink bandwidth parts; identifying a servicetype or traffic type associated with each of the first number of activeuplink bandwidth parts; identifying—for each of the first number ofactive uplink bandwidth parts—one or more of: a modulation and codingscheme table, a channel quality indicator table, and a targetreliability requirement; and identifying an index associated with eachof the first number of active uplink bandwidth parts.

Disclosed herein is a first method for UE power control for multiple ULcarriers. In various embodiments, the first method is performed by a UE,such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, the UE605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. The first method includesreceiving a configuration of a plurality of uplink carriers for aserving cell and calculating a total transmit power for uplinktransmissions on the plurality of uplink carriers, the uplinktransmissions overlapping in time. The first method includes determininga configured maximum output power and identifying a lower priorityuplink carrier of the plurality of uplink carriers according to apriority rule in response to the uplink transmissions having the samepriority level. The first method includes reducing transmission powerfor the lower priority uplink carrier in response to the total transmitpower exceeding the configured maximum output power in any part of theoverlapping uplink transmissions and performing uplink transmissionusing the reduced transmission power.

In various embodiments of the first method, reducing transmission powerincludes at least one of: applying a power down-scaling factor to thelower priority uplink carrier and dropping an uplink transmission of thelower priority uplink carrier. In certain embodiments of the firstmethod reducing transmission power includes applying a same powerdown-scaling factor to uplink carriers that are associated with the samepriority level.

In some embodiments of the first method, identifying the lower priorityuplink carrier of the plurality of uplink carriers according to apriority rule includes: determining whether a PUCCH is configured forany of the plurality of uplink carriers and prioritizing powerallocation for an uplink carrier configured with PUCCH over an uplinkcarrier not configured with PUCCH.

In some embodiments, the plurality of uplink carriers includes a SULcarrier and a NUL carrier. In such embodiments, identifying the lowerpriority uplink carrier of the plurality of uplink carriers according toa priority rule includes prioritizing power allocation for the NULcarrier over the SUL carrier. In certain embodiments, the SUL carrierand the NUL carrier are not configured with PUCCH.

In various embodiments, identifying the lower priority uplink carrier ofthe plurality of uplink carriers according to a priority rule includesidentifying a numerology of each of the plurality of uplink carriers;identifying a service type or traffic type associated with each of theplurality of uplink carriers; identifying an index associated with eachof the plurality of uplink carriers; and/or identifying—for each of theplurality of uplink carriers—one or more of: a modulation and codingscheme table, a channel quality indicator table, and a targetreliability requirement.

In some embodiments, receiving the configuration of the plurality ofuplink carriers for a serving cell includes receiving configuration of afirst number of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, thefirst number of uplink carriers corresponding to a first number ofconfigured and active uplink bandwidth parts of a first uplink carrierof the serving cell. In some embodiments, reducing transmission powerincludes applying a same power down-scaling factor to uplink carriersthat are associated with the same priority level.

In some embodiments, receiving the configuration of the plurality ofuplink carriers for a serving cell includes receiving a configuration ofa first number of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers,the first number of uplink carriers corresponding to a first number ofactive bandwidth parts of the serving cell. In such embodiments,identifying the lower priority uplink carrier of the plurality of uplinkcarriers may include identifying a lower priority active uplink BWP fromthe first number of active uplink bandwidth parts according to one ormore of: identifying a numerology of each of the first number of activeuplink bandwidth parts; identifying a service type or traffic typeassociated with each of the first number of active uplink bandwidthparts; identifying—for each of the first number of active uplinkbandwidth parts—one or more of: a modulation and coding scheme table, achannel quality indicator table, and a target reliability requirement;and identifying an index associated with each of the first number ofactive uplink bandwidth parts.

Disclosed herein is a second apparatus for UE power control for multipleUL carriers. In various embodiments, the second apparatus may be a UE,such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, the UE605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. The second apparatusincludes a transceiver that receives a configuration of a plurality ofuplink carriers for a serving cell. The second apparatus includes aprocessor that calculates a PH for each uplink carrier of the pluralityof uplink carriers on the serving cell. The second apparatus controlsthe transceiver to transmit a PHR based on the calculated PH for theplurality of uplink carriers of the serving cell.

In some embodiments, the processor determines a configured maximumoutput power for the uplink carrier from the plurality of uplinkcarriers of the serving cell. In such embodiments, the PH for an uplinkcarrier from the plurality of uplink carriers on the serving cellindicates a difference between the configured maximum output power forthe uplink carrier and a determined transmit power required for an ULtransmission on the uplink carrier.

In some embodiments, the processor determines a default power controlparameter set for the serving cell. In such embodiments, the PHR mayinclude a single PH. Further, calculating the PH may include calculatinga virtual PH in response to no UL transmission on any uplink carrierfrom the plurality of uplink carriers of the serving cell at a time whenthe PHR is calculated. Here, the virtual PH may be based on the defaultpower control parameter set.

In certain embodiments, the default parameter control parameter setincludes one or more of an open-loop parameter set, a closed-loopprocess, and a pathloss RS. In certain embodiments, the default powercontrol parameter set corresponds to an UL carrier on which PUCCH issemi-statically configured.

In some embodiments, only a first uplink carrier of the plurality ofuplink carriers is semi-statically configured for PUSCH, wherein thedefault power control parameter set corresponds to the first UL carrier.In some embodiments, the default power control parameter set correspondsto an UL carrier with CIF index zero. In some embodiments, the pluralityof uplink carriers includes a SUL carrier and a NUL carrier, wherein thedefault power control parameter set corresponds to the NUL carrier.

In various embodiments, the PHR corresponds to one or more of: a PUSCHPHR, a PUCCH PHR, and an SRS PHR.

In some embodiments, the transceiver receives configuration of a firstnumber of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, the firstnumber of uplink carriers corresponds to a first number of configuredand active uplink bandwidth parts of the serving cell. In suchembodiments, the processor may determine a default power controlparameter set for the serving cell. Here, the PHR includes a single PH.Moreover, the processor may calculate the PH by calculating a virtual PHin response to no UL transmission on any active BWP from the firstnumber of active uplink bandwidth parts of the serving cell at a timewhen the PHR is prepared, wherein the virtual PH is based on the defaultpower control parameter set.

In certain embodiments, the default power control parameter setcorresponds to the active UL BWP. In certain embodiments, the defaultpower control parameter set corresponds to one of: an initial UL BWP anda default UL BWP, wherein the default UL BWP is an UL BWP linked to adefault DL BWP. In certain embodiments, the default power controlparameter set corresponds to one of: a UL BWP having a smallest BWPindex, an UL BWP having a smallest numerology, an UL BWP associated witha service type or traffic type, and an UL BWP associated with amodulation and coding scheme table, an UL BWP associated with a channelquality indicator table, an UL BWP associated with a target reliabilityrequirement, or combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the PHR includes a plurality of PH fields, whereina PH field includes one or more of a PH, a configured maximum outputpower, and an UL BWP index. In certain embodiments, the configuredmaximum output power for the UL BWP may be determined based on powerreduction factors, wherein power reduction factors for a first UL BWPare different from power reduction factors for a second UL BWP, whereinthe first UL BWP and the second UL BWP are different.

In certain embodiments, the configured maximum output power for the ULBWP may be determined based on power reduction factors, wherein powerreduction factors for a first UL BWP are the same as power reductionfactors for a second UL BWP, wherein the first UL BWP and the second ULBWP are different. In certain embodiments, the configured maximum outputpower for the UL BWP may be determined based on a maximum allowed UEoutput power (“P_(EMAX)”), wherein a first UL BWP has a first P_(EMAX)and a second UL BWP has a second P_(EMAX), wherein the first P_(EMAX) isa different value than the second P_(EMAX) and the first UL BWP and thesecond UL BWP are different.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a first PH for a first activeUL BWP and a second PH for a second active UL BWP, in response to thefirst active UL BWP and the second active UL BWP being associated withone or more of: different configured maximum output power, differentpathloss references, and non-Quasi Co-Located pathloss references,wherein the first active UL BWP is different from the second active ULBWP.

In some embodiments, the processor calculates a differential PH, thedifferential PH being a difference between a PH for a second active ULBWP and a PH for a first active UL BWP, wherein the first active UL BWPis different from the second active UL BWP. In such embodiments, the PHRmay include the PH for the first active UL BWP and the differential PHfor the second active UL BWP, in response to the first active UL BWP andthe second active UL BWP having one or more of: the same configuredmaximum output power, the same pathloss references, and quasi-co-locatedpathloss references.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a PH for a first active UL BWPand a second active UL BWP in response to the first active UL BWP andthe second active UL BWP having one or more of: the same configuredmaximum output power, the same pathloss references, and quasi-co-locatedpathloss references. Here, the first active UL BWP is different from thesecond active UL BWP. In such embodiments, the PH is calculated withrespect to the first UL BWP.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a PH for a first active UL BWPand a second active UL BWP. Here, the PH may be calculated as adifference between the configured UE maximum transmit power of a servingcell and a sum of transmit powers for uplink transmissions on the firstactive UL BWP and the second UL BWP. In such embodiments, the transmitpowers for uplink transmissions include a first transmit power withrespect to a first reference uplink transmission on the first active ULBWP and a second transmit power with respect to a second referenceuplink transmission on the second active UL BWP.

In some embodiments, the transceiver receives a configuration for apower headroom BWP-group. In one embodiment, receiving the configurationfor PH BWP-group includes receiving an ‘allowedPHTriggeringGroup’parameter. Here, the processor detects that a MAC entity has ULresources for new transmission and determines whether a PHR backofftimer is expired (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer).

In such embodiments, the processor may trigger a PHR in response toexpiration of the PHR backoff timer and in response to a path losshaving changed more than a threshold amount for at least one active BWPbelonging to the PH BWP-group of a serving cell (e.g., of any MAC entitywhich is used as a pathloss reference) since a last transmission of aPHR in the MAC entity. In certain embodiments, the threshold amount isindicated by the parameter ‘phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange.’

In some embodiments, the transceiver receives a configuration for apathloss-change-threshold parameter (e.g., ‘dl-PathlossChange’parameter). Here, the processor detects that a MAC entity has ULresources for new transmission and determines whether a PHR backofftimer is expired (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer).

In such embodiments, the processor triggers a PHR in response toexpiration of the PHR backoff timer and in response to a path losshaving changed more than a threshold amount for at least one active ULBWP of a serving cell (e.g., of any MAC entity which is used as apathloss reference) since a last transmission of a PHR in the MACentity. Here, the threshold amount is configured for the at least oneactive UL BWP. In certain embodiments, the threshold amount is aBWP-specific configuration. The threshold amount may be indicated by theparameters ‘dl-PathlossChange’ and/or ‘phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange.’

In some embodiments, the processor communicates on a first active UL BWPin a serving cell configured with a plurality of UL BWPs and theprocessor switches from the first active UL BWP to a second active ULBWP. Here, the first active UL BWP and second active UL BWP share aCL-PC process. Moreover, the processor selectively resets the CL-PCprocess in response to switching BWPs.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesresetting the CL-PC process in response to a frequency distance betweenthe first BWP and the second BWP being larger than a threshold value andcarrying-over the CL-PC process in response to the frequency distancenot being larger than the threshold value.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesdetermining a pathloss reference for the first and second BWPs. Theprocessor carries-over the CL-PC process in response to the pathlossreferences being the same values or having a quasi-co-locationrelationship for the first and second BWPs and resets the CL-PC processin response to the pathloss references not being the same values and nothaving a quasi-co-location relationship for the first and second BWPs.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesdetermining a set of quality parameters for the first and second BWPs,the set of quality parameters including one or more of: a set ofopen-loop power control parameters, a modulation and coding schemetable, a channel quality indicator table, a target reliabilityrequirement, an associated service type or traffic type, and anassociated numerology. Here, the processor resets the CL-PC process inresponse to the set of quality parameters not being the same values forthe first and second BWPs. In such embodiments, a selection of one ormore of: the modulation and coding scheme table, the channel qualityindicator table, the target reliability requirement, the associatedservice type or traffic type is based on a received DCI.

Disclosed herein is a second method for UE power control for multiple ULcarriers. In various embodiments, the second method is performed by aUE, such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, theUE 605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. The second methodincludes receiving a configuration of a plurality of uplink carriers fora serving cell and calculating a PH for each uplink carrier of theplurality of uplink carriers on the serving cell. The second methodincludes transmitting a PHR based on the calculated PH for the pluralityof uplink carriers of the serving cell.

In some embodiments, the second method includes determining a configuredmaximum output power for the uplink carrier from the plurality of uplinkcarriers of the serving cell. In such embodiments, the PH for an uplinkcarrier from the plurality of uplink carriers on the serving cellindicates a difference between the configured maximum output power forthe uplink carrier and a determined transmit power required for an ULtransmission on the uplink carrier.

In some embodiments, the second method includes determining a defaultpower control parameter set for the serving cell. In such embodiments,the PHR includes a single PH. Here, calculating the PH may includecalculating a virtual PH in response to no UL transmission on any uplinkcarrier from the plurality of uplink carriers of the serving cell at atime when the PHR is calculated, wherein the virtual PH is based on thedefault power control parameter set.

In certain embodiments, the default parameter control parameter setincludes one or more of: an open-loop parameter set, a closed-loopprocess, and a pathloss RS. In certain embodiments, the default powercontrol parameter set corresponds to an UL carrier on which PUCCH issemi-statically configured. In certain embodiments, only a first uplinkcarrier of the plurality of uplink carriers is semi-staticallyconfigured for PUSCH, wherein the default power control parameter setcorresponds to the first UL carrier.

In certain embodiments, the default power control parameter setcorresponds to an UL carrier with CIF index zero. In certainembodiments, the plurality of uplink carriers includes a SUL carrier anda NUL carrier, wherein the default power control parameter setcorresponds to the NUL carrier.

In various embodiments, the PHR corresponds to one or more of: a PUSCHPHR, a PUCCH PHR, and an SRS PHR.

In some embodiments, receiving the configuration of the plurality ofuplink carriers for a serving cell includes receiving configuration of afirst number of uplink carriers of the plurality of uplink carriers, thefirst number of uplink carriers corresponds to a first number ofconfigured and active uplink bandwidth parts of the serving cell. Insuch embodiments, the second method may include determining a defaultpower control parameter set for the serving cell. Here, the PHR includesa single PH. Moreover, calculating the PH includes calculating a virtualPH in response to no UL transmission on any active BWP from the firstnumber of active uplink bandwidth parts of the serving cell at a timewhen the PHR is prepared, wherein the virtual PH is based on the defaultpower control parameter set.

In certain embodiments, the default power control parameter setcorresponds to the active UL BWP. In certain embodiments, the defaultpower control parameter set corresponds to one of: an initial UL BWP anda default UL BWP, wherein the default UL BWP is an UL BWP linked to adefault DL BWP. In certain embodiments, the default power controlparameter set corresponds to one of: a UL BWP having a smallest BWPindex, an UL BWP having a smallest numerology, an UL BWP associated witha service type or traffic type, and an UL BWP associated with amodulation and coding scheme table, an UL BWP associated with a channelquality indicator table, an UL BWP associated with a target reliabilityrequirement, or combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the PHR includes a plurality of PH fields, whereina PH field includes one or more of a PH, a configured maximum outputpower, and an UL BWP index. In certain embodiments, the configuredmaximum output power for the UL BWP may be determined based on powerreduction factors, wherein power reduction factors for a first UL BWPare different from power reduction factors for a second UL BWP, whereinthe first UL BWP and the second UL BWP are different.

In certain embodiments, the configured maximum output power for the ULBWP may be determined based on power reduction factors, wherein powerreduction factors for a first UL BWP are the same as power reductionfactors for a second UL BWP, wherein the first UL BWP and the second ULBWP are different. In certain embodiments, the configured maximum outputpower for the UL BWP may be determined based on a maximum allowed UEoutput power (“P_(EMAX)”), wherein a first UL BWP has a first P_(EMAX)and a second UL BWP has a second P_(EMAX), wherein the first P_(EMAX) isa different value than the second P_(EMAX) and the first UL BWP and thesecond UL BWP are different.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a first PH for a first activeUL BWP and a second PH for a second active UL BWP, in response to thefirst active UL BWP and the second active UL BWP being associated withone or more of: different configured maximum output power, differentpathloss references, and non-Quasi Co-Located pathloss references,wherein the first active UL BWP is different from the second active ULBWP.

In some embodiments, the second method includes calculating adifferential PH, the differential PH being a difference between a PH fora second active UL BWP and a PH for a first active UL BWP, wherein thefirst active UL BWP is different from the second active UL BWP. In suchembodiments, the PHR may include the PH for the first active UL BWP andthe differential PH for the second active UL BWP, in response to thefirst active UL BWP and the second active UL BWP having one or more of:the same configured maximum output power, the same pathloss references,and quasi-co-located pathloss references.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a PH for a first active UL BWPand a second active UL BWP in response to the first active UL BWP andthe second active UL BWP having one or more of: the same configuredmaximum output power, the same pathloss references, and quasi-co-locatedpathloss references. Here, the first active UL BWP is different from thesecond active UL BWP. In such embodiments, the PH is calculated withrespect to the first UL BWP.

In certain embodiments, the PHR includes a PH for a first active UL BWPand a second active UL BWP. Here, the PH may be calculated as adifference between the configured UE maximum transmit power of a servingcell and a sum of transmit powers for uplink transmissions on the firstactive UL BWP and the second UL BWP. In such embodiments, the transmitpowers for uplink transmissions include a first transmit power withrespect to a first reference uplink transmission on the first active ULBWP and a second transmit power with respect to a second referenceuplink transmission on the second active UL BWP.

In certain embodiments, the second method includes receiving aconfiguration for a power headroom BWP-group. In one embodiment,receiving the configuration for PH BWP-group includes receiving an‘allowedPHTriggeringGroup’ parameter. Here, the second method alsoincludes detecting that a MAC entity has UL resources for newtransmission and determining whether a PHR backoff timer is expired(e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer).

In such embodiments, the second method may include triggering a PHR inresponse to expiration of the PHR backoff timer and in response to apath loss having changed more than a threshold amount for at least oneactive BWP belonging to the PH BWP-group of a serving cell (e.g., of anyMAC entity which is used as a pathloss reference) since a lasttransmission of a PHR in the MAC entity. In certain embodiments, thethreshold amount is indicated by the parameter‘phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange.’

In some embodiments, the transceiver receives a configuration for apathloss-change-threshold parameter (e.g., ‘dl-PathlossChange’parameter). Here, the second method also includes detecting that a MACentity has UL resources for new transmission and determining whether aPHR backoff timer is expired (e.g., phr-ProhibitTimer).

In such embodiments, the second method may include triggering a PHR inresponse to expiration of the PHR backoff timer and in response to apath loss having changed more than a threshold amount for at least oneactive UL BWP of a serving cell (e.g., of any MAC entity which is usedas a pathloss reference) since a last transmission of a PHR in the MACentity. Here the threshold amount is configured for the at least oneactive UL BWP. In certain embodiments, the threshold amount is aBWP-specific configuration. The threshold amount may be indicated by theparameters ‘dl-PathlossChange’ and/or ‘phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange.’

In some embodiments, the second method includes communicating on a firstactive UL BWP in a serving cell configured with a plurality of UL BWPs.The second method further includes switching from the first active ULBWP to a second active UL BWP, wherein the first active UL BWP andsecond active UL BWP share a CL-PC process and selectively resetting theCL-PC process in response to switching BWPs.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesresetting the CL-PC process in response to a frequency distance betweenthe first BWP and the second BWP being larger than a threshold value andcarrying-over the CL-PC process in response to the frequency distancenot being larger than the threshold value.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesdetermining a pathloss reference for the first and second BWPs,carrying-over the CL-PC process in response to the pathloss referencesbeing the same values or having a quasi-co-location relationship for thefirst and second BWPs, and resetting the CL-PC process in response tothe pathloss references not being the same values and not having aquasi-co-location relationship for the first and second BWPs.

In certain embodiments, selectively resetting the CL-PC process includesdetermining a set of quality parameters for the first and second BWPs,the set of quality parameters including one or more of: a set ofopen-loop power control parameters, a modulation and coding schemetable, a channel quality indicator table, a target reliabilityrequirement, an associated service type or traffic type, and anassociated numerology. Here, selectively resetting the CL-PC processalso includes resetting the CL-PC process in response to the set ofquality parameters not being the same values for the first and secondBWPs. In such embodiments, a selection of one or more of: the modulationand coding scheme table, the channel quality indicator table, the targetreliability requirement, the associated service type or traffic type isbased on a received DCI.

Disclosed herein is a third apparatus for UE power control for multipleUL carriers. In various embodiments, the third apparatus may be a UE,such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, the UE605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. The third apparatusincludes a transceiver that performs a random-access procedure. Here,performing the random-access procedure includes transmitting a PUSCHMsg3. The third apparatus includes a processor that determines whetherthe UE is in the RRC_CONNECTED state and identifies a number ofconfigured CL-PC process for an UL channel or signal. The processorcalculates the transmit power for the PUSCH Msg3 using a CL-PC processwith index zero in response to the UE being in the RRC_CONNECTED stateand in response to the number of configured CL-PC processes for the ULchannel or signal being more than one.

In some embodiments, the processor determines whether a PUCCHtransmission lacks an explicit beam indication and calculates thetransmit power for the PUSCH Msg3 using a CL-PC process with index zeroin response to the PUCCH transmission lacking an explicit beamindication. In some embodiments, the transceiver receives a RAR whenperforming the random-access procedure and the processor resets a CL-PCaccumulation for a CL-PC process with index zero in response toreceiving the RAR.

Disclosed herein is a third method for UE power control for multiple ULcarriers. In various embodiments, the third method is performed by a UE,such as the remote unit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, the UE605, and/or the user equipment apparatus 700. The third method includesperforming a random-access procedure, wherein performing therandom-access procedure includes transmitting a PUSCH Msg3. The thirdmethod includes determining whether the UE is in the RRC_CONNECTED stateand identifying a number of configured CL-PC process for an UL channelor signal. The third method includes calculating the transmit power forthe PUSCH Msg3 using a CL-PC process with index zero in response to theUE being in the RRC_CONNECTED state and in response to the number ofconfigured CL-PC processes for the UL channel or signal being more thanone.

In some embodiments, the third method includes determining whether aPUCCH transmission lacks an explicit beam indication and calculating thetransmit power for the PUSCH Msg3 using a CL-PC process with index zeroin response to the PUCCH transmission lacking an explicit beamindication. In some embodiments, the third method includes receiving aRAR when performing the random-access procedure and resetting a CL-PCaccumulation for a CL-PC process with index zero in response toreceiving the RAR.

Disclosed herein is a fourth apparatus for UE power control. In variousembodiments, the fourth apparatus may be a UE, such as the remote unit105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, the UE 605, and/or the userequipment apparatus 700. The fourth apparatus includes a transceiverthat receives a plurality of target reliability configurations. Here,each of the plurality of target reliability configurations includes atleast one of: a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, a channelquality indicator (CQI) table, and an associated radio network temporaryidentifier.

The fourth apparatus includes a processor that performs a first uplinktransmission of an uplink channel based on a first target reliabilityconfiguration and a power control adjustment state of the uplink channeland receiving an indication for a second uplink transmission of theuplink channel. Here, the second uplink transmission of the uplinkchannel is based on a second target reliability configuration and thepower control adjustment state of the uplink channel. The processordetermines whether the second target reliability configuration isdifferent than the first target reliability configuration and resets thepower control adjustment state of the uplink channel in response to thedetermination that the second target reliability configuration isdifferent than the first target reliability configuration. The processorcontrols the transceiver to perform the second uplink transmission ofthe uplink channel based on the second target reliability configurationand the reset power control adjustment state of the uplink channel.

In some embodiments, each of the plurality of target reliabilityconfigurations further includes an associated downlink controlinformation (DCI) format. In some embodiments, each of the plurality oftarget reliability configurations further includes a set of powercontrol parameters. In such embodiments, the set of power controlparameters may include at least one of a power spectral density persubcarrier spacing and a pathloss compensation parameter.

In certain embodiments, the uplink channel is a physical uplink sharedchannel (PUSCH). In some embodiments, the transceiver further receivesan indication that the second uplink transmission of the uplink channelis based on the second target reliability configuration via downlinkcontrol information.

Disclosed herein is a fourth method for UE power control. In variousembodiments, the fourth method is performed by a UE, such as the remoteunit 105, the UE 205, the UE 405, the UE 505, the UE 605, and/or theuser equipment apparatus 700. The fourth method includes receiving aplurality of target reliability configurations. Here, each of theplurality of target reliability configurations includes at least one of:a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table, a channel quality indicator(CQI) table, and an associated radio network temporary identifier. Thefourth method includes performing a first uplink transmission of anuplink channel based on a first target reliability configuration and apower control adjustment state of the uplink channel and receiving anindication for a second uplink transmission of the uplink channel,wherein the second uplink transmission of the uplink channel is based ona second target reliability configuration and the power controladjustment state of the uplink channel.

The fourth method includes determining whether the second targetreliability configuration is different than the first target reliabilityconfiguration and resetting the power control adjustment state of theuplink channel in response to the determination that the second targetreliability configuration is different than the first target reliabilityconfiguration. The fourth method includes performing the second uplinktransmission of the uplink channel based on the second targetreliability configuration and the reset power control adjustment stateof the uplink channel.

In some embodiments, each of the plurality of target reliabilityconfigurations further includes an associated downlink controlinformation (DCI) format. In some embodiments, each of the plurality oftarget reliability configurations further includes a set of powercontrol parameters. In such embodiments, the set of power controlparameters may include at least one of a power spectral density persubcarrier spacing and a pathloss compensation parameter.

In certain embodiments, the uplink channel is a physical uplink sharedchannel (PUSCH). In some embodiments, the fourth method further includesreceiving an indication that the second uplink transmission of theuplink channel is based on the second target reliability configurationvia downlink control information.

Embodiments may be practiced in other specific forms. The describedembodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrativeand not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicatedby the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. Allchanges which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of theclaims are to be embraced within their scope.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of a UE comprising: receiving aconfiguration of a plurality of uplink (UL”) carriers for a servingcell; determining a default power control parameter set for the servingcell; calculating a power headroom (“PH”) for the plurality of ULcarriers on the serving cell, wherein calculating the PH comprisescalculating a virtual PH in response to no UL transmission being presenton any UL carrier from the plurality of UL carriers of the serving cellat a time when the PHR is calculated, and wherein the virtual PH isbased on the default power control parameter set; and transmitting aPower Headroom Report (“PHR”) based on the calculated PH of the servingcell, wherein the PHR comprises a single PH.
 2. The method of claim 1,further comprising determining a configured maximum output power for theUL carrier from the plurality of UL carriers of the serving cell,wherein the PH for an UL carrier from the plurality of UL carriers onthe serving cell indicates a difference between the configured maximumoutput power for the UL carrier and a determined transmit power requiredfor an UL transmission on the UL carrier.
 3. The method of claim 1,wherein the default parameter control parameter set includes one or moreof: an open-loop parameter set, a closed-loop process, and a pathlossRS.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the default power controlparameter set corresponds to an UL carrier on which PUCCH issemi-statically configured.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein only afirst UL carrier of the plurality of UL carriers is semi-staticallyconfigured for PUSCH, wherein the default power control parameter setcorresponds to the first UL carrier.
 6. The method of claim 1, whereinthe default power control parameter set corresponds to an UL carrierwith Carrier Indicator Field (“CIF”) index zero.
 7. The method of claim1, wherein the plurality of UL carriers comprises a supplementary uplink(“SUL”) carrier and a non-supplementary uplink (“NUL”) carrier, whereinthe default power control parameter set corresponds to the NUL carrier.8. The method of claim 7, wherein the SUL carrier and the NUL carrierare not configured with PUCCH.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the PHRcorresponds to one or more of: a PUSCH PHR, a PUCCH PHR, and an SRS PHR.10. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the configuration of theplurality of UL carriers for a serving cell comprises receivingconfiguration of a first number of UL carriers of the plurality of ULcarriers, wherein the first number of UL carriers corresponds to a firstnumber of configured and active UL bandwidth parts (“BWPs”) of theserving cell.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the default powercontrol parameter set corresponds to one of: a most recent active ULBWP, an initial UL BWP, and a default UL BWP, wherein the default UL BWPis an UL BWP linked to a default downlink (“DL”) BWP.
 12. The method ofclaim 10, wherein the default power control parameter set corresponds toone of: a UL BWP having a smallest BWP index, an UL BWP having asmallest numerology, an UL BWP associated with a service type or traffictype, and an UL BWP associated with a modulation and coding schemetable, an UL BWP associated with a channel quality indicator table, anUL BWP associated with a target reliability requirement, or combinationthereof.
 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the PHR comprises aplurality of PH fields, wherein a PH field comprises one or more of aPH, a configured maximum output power, and an UL bandwidth part (“BWP”)index.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the PHR comprises a first PHfor a first active UL BWP and a second PH for a second active UL BWP, inresponse to the first active UL BWP and the second active UL BWP beingassociated with one or more of: different configured maximum outputpower, different pathloss references and non-Quasi Co-Located pathlossreferences, wherein the first active UL BWP is different from the secondactive UL BWP.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the PHR comprises aPH for a first active UL BWP and a second active UL BWP, wherein the PHis calculated as a difference between the configured UE maximum transmitpower of a serving cell and a sum of transmit powers for ULtransmissions on the first active UL BWP and the second UL BWP.
 16. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising: communicating on a first activeUL bandwidth part (“BWP”) in a serving cell configured with a pluralityof UL BWPs; switching from the first active UL BWP to a second active ULBWP, wherein the first active UL BWP and second active UL BWP share aclosed-loop power control (“CL-PC”) process; and selectively resettingthe CL-PC process in response to switching BWPs.
 17. The method of claim16, wherein selectively resetting the CL-PC process comprises:determining a pathloss reference for the first and second BWPs;carrying-over the CL-PC process in response to the pathloss referencesbeing the same values or having a quasi-co-location relationship for thefirst and second BWPs; and resetting the CL-PC process in response tothe pathloss references not being the same values and not having aquasi-co-location relationship for the first and second BWPs.
 18. Anapparatus comprising: a transceiver that receives a configuration of aplurality of uplink (“UL”) carriers for a serving cell; and a processorthat: determines a default power control parameter set for the servingcell; calculates a power headroom (“PH”) for the plurality of ULcarriers on the serving cell, wherein calculating the PH comprisescalculating a virtual PH in response to no UL transmission being presenton any UL carrier from the plurality of UL carriers of the serving cellat a time when the PHR is calculated, and wherein the virtual PH isbased on the default power control parameter set; and transmits a PowerHeadroom Report (“PHR”) based on the calculated PH of the serving cell,wherein the PHR comprises a single PH.
 19. The apparatus of claim 18,wherein receiving the configuration of the plurality of UL carriers fora serving cell comprises receiving configuration of a first number of ULcarriers of the plurality of UL carriers, wherein the first number of ULcarriers corresponds to a first number of configured and active ULbandwidth parts (“BWPs”) of the serving cell.
 20. The apparatus of claim18, wherein the processor further: communicates on a first active ULbandwidth part (“BWP”) in a serving cell configured with a plurality ofUL BWPs; switches from the first active UL BWP to a second active ULBWP, wherein the first active UL BWP and second active UL BWP share aclosed-loop power control (“CL-PC”) process; and selectively resets theCL-PC process in response to switching UL BWPs.